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Starlink vs. KVH: A Comprehensive Guide to Yacht Internet Solutions in 2023

Starlink Vs. Traditional Maritime Internet: The Sea Change in Connectivity for Yacht Owners

The world of yachting is not just about luxury and open seas; it’s also about staying connected. Whether it’s a super yacht venturing into remote global waters or a yacht coasting along familiar shores, consistent and robust internet connectivity has become an essential requirement. Streaming services, such as Netflix and YouTube TV, have further driven this need. With the introduction of Starlink, the landscape of maritime internet solutions has dramatically evolved. But how does it stack against the traditional player like KVH? Let’s dive in.

1. Size, Weight, and Cost – A Compact and Affordable Revolution

Starlink’s discreet and lightweight design, measuring 22 inches by 20 inches and a slim 1.6 inches in thickness, stands out against the more cumbersome offerings of KVH. While KVH’s smallest dome starts at 19.2″ x 20.9″, their largest setups can surpass 41 inches in width, with some weighing a hefty 200lbs. In comparison, Starlink’s device is not just easier to install but also less obtrusive, making it aesthetically and functionally preferable for yacht owners. When it comes to pricing, KVH’s equipment starts from a staggering $15,000 and can soar to hundreds of thousands. This high upfront cost makes Starlink’s competitive pricing even more attractive.

2. Speed and Subscription Cost – A Superior Value Proposition

Starlink promises speeds that range between 40-220 Mbps for downloads and 8-25 Mbps for uploads with an impressive latency of less than 90 ms. On the other hand, KVH’s most premium package offers just a fraction of that speed. But speed is only half the story. Starlink’s service plans, starting at $250/month for 50GB, are not only competitively priced but also offer more value when compared to KVH’s offerings, which can scale up to $2,317 for 10GB.

3. Setup Simplicity – A Game Changer

Perhaps one of the most significant advantages of Starlink is its unparalleled ease of setup. Gone are the days of lengthy phone calls to providers and frustrating hold times. With Starlink, yacht owners can have their internet up and running in under two minutes. This user-centric approach significantly enhances the overall experience for users, especially when in remote areas or on the move.

4. Flexibility and Scalability – Future-Proofing Connectivity

One unique feature of Starlink is its mesh capability. Users can integrate up to 12 Starlinks for enhanced coverage, ensuring that even in the most challenging conditions or remote locations, connectivity remains consistent and robust. In a constantly evolving digital landscape, this flexibility positions Starlink as a future-ready solution.

5. Geographic Reach – Broad Horizons

Catering predominantly to the US and EU markets, both Starlink and KVH have a strong presence. However, with the backing of SpaceX’s global satellite infrastructure, Starlink has a potential edge in terms of broader and more consistent coverage.

For yacht owners, particularly those with super yachts venturing into remote waters, the choice of internet connectivity has never been more critical. With its competitive pricing, impressive speeds, ease of setup, and innovative features, Starlink presents itself as a formidable contender in the maritime internet space. While KVH has been a trusted solution for many over the years, its high equipment cost combined with the introduction of Starlink underscores the rapidly changing landscape of maritime internet solutions. For yacht owners looking for a blend of value, performance, and simplicity, Starlink might just be the sea change you have been waiting for.

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Home » Internet Service

How To Get Satellite Internet on Your Boat

Ever wished you could download a work PDF or watch an episode of  Gilligan's Island while you’re 20 nautical miles from shore? Just as you can get internet access on a cruise ship , a Wi-Fi connection is totally possible on your own boat.

Getting internet on your boat might seem like a big headache, but new technology makes it a lot easier. You can now choose between a few different internet options for your boat: broadband global area network (BGAN) systems, cellular hotspots, or grabbing a land-based public Wi-Fi signal with the help of a Wi-Fi extender.

Let's dig into the features of each and find out which option is best for you.

• BGAN systems
• Mobile hotspots
• Public Wi-Fi and Wi-Fi extenders
• Marine internet basics

If you also call a camper home, it's good to know that BGAN systems and mobile hotspots are two ways you can hop online while roaming on land. Find out more in our guide to RV internet options .

1. BGAN systems for internet on your boat

Your first option for hopping online is a BGAN system. Unfortunately, this option is also the most expensive, but it doesn't leave you at the mercy of the marina Wi-Fi and gives you an internet connection most anywhere in the world.

• Completely portable
• Wide selection of terminals
• Rugged equipment designed for field professionals
• Extremely pricey
• Slow download speeds

In essence, a BGAN system is a portable hotspot that can be used anywhere on the ground or water. That's why field correspondents who need reliable connections and need to move frequently often rely on BGAN systems.

Portable BGAN internet service uses a terminal that links to your devices with an Ethernet cable, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or USB. In order for the onboard terminal to communicate with the satellite, it uses GPS, and a clear view of the sky is required for connection.

BGAN internet options for boats

Data effective 7/10/2023. Offers and availability vary by location and are subject to change.

Different terminals can work at different download and upload speed with BGAN. Paying more gets you a more expensive terminal that operates at a higher connection speed. But before you pull out your wallet, know that you'll also need a service plan.

Prepaid and postpaid BGAN service plans are available in almost any quantity, with data costs averaging less than $5.00/megabyte. Most shops that sell BGAN terminals, such as Global Marine Networks and Ground Control , will also sell BGAN data plans.

Or you can pay a monthly fee for BGAN access, and you'll simply get charged for how much data you used. An example of an access plan is Ground Control's BGAN Standard+ Plus plan .

2. Mobile hotspots for your boat

If a BGAN terminal is too expensive for your taste, a hotspot might do the trick for a fraction of the cost.

• Mostly inexpensive
• Small and portable
• Signal might be spotty offshore
• Need to switch SIM cards if leaving US

The biggest downside is that you'll start losing your hotspot signal once you're anywhere between 5 to 10 miles offshore. But if you're following the shoreline, a hotspot is the least expensive option for an internet signal that comes along for the ride.

Here in the US, we typically recommend Verizon Wireless hotspots, since it has the largest coverage area. But keep in mind that if you cruise on over to the Bahamas or another country, you'll need to swap out your SIM card for a local provider.

Here's a quick look at some marine-friendly hotspot options:

Hotspot options for your boat

Data effective 7/10/2024. Offers and availability vary by location and are subject to change. *Amazon.com List prices of $149.98 and $99.99 (as of effective date). Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon.com at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product. Reviews.org utilizes paid Amazon links.

Don't forget that your hotspot will also need cell service. If you're keeping to US waters, here's a look at how the three major cell phone providers compare when it comes to coverage .

3. Use public Wi-Fi with a Wi-Fi extender

The cheapest option of them all, public Wi-Fi can be both a blessing and a curse. It's a blessing when you can get a signal, and a curse when your connection is slow or spotty.

Luckily, Wi-Fi extenders can help with most of those problems, and some are made specifically for mounting on your boat.

• Free or low-cost
• Need to be close to a marina
• Possible security risks
• Connection could be bad

A marine Wi-Fi extender might cost you more than a hotspot device, but it doesn't require you to purchase a monthly cellular plan or SIM card either.

And if your local marina delivers a strong Wi-Fi connection, it may not be necessary. But others cruising the water have remarked that many marinas struggle to deliver Wi-Fi. So an extender might be beneficial if you're headed into uncharted territory.

Here's a quick look at a few marine Wi-Fi extender options.

Wi-Fi extenders for your boat

Data effective 7/10/2024. Offers and availability vary by location and are subject to change. *Amazon.com List price of $299.99, and $578.10 (as of effective date). Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon.com at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product. Reviews.org utilizes paid Amazon links. **Out of stock as of effective date

If you heard from a friend that the WiriePro or WirieAP was a great option for on-boat internet, we're sad to say the company shut down .

Basics for using the internet on your boat

If you're a boater who rarely ventures far from shore, your cheapest option is public Wi-Fi and a  signal booster system that puts Wi-Fi networks in reach of your vessel. And mobile hotspots can offer an internet connection if a marina with public Wi-Fi isn't in sight.

But for a more reliable, expansive (and expensive) internet connection, BGAN satellite systems are your best solution—and also the most expensive.

Just know that, whichever marine internet option you choose, your online experience won't be the same as it is at home. Even creature comforts like unlimited web browsing and unlimited ship-to-shore calling cost the equivalent of a decent midsize automobile for a satellite dish that has a diameter of about two feet.

Challenges to getting internet out at sea

For the most part, the challenge of getting satellite internet for a boat is cost, along with the fact that a boat moves.

The movement of your boat requires a satellite that can maintain a connection while it's rocking in the water.

Distance also factors in, as larger and more expensive satellite dishes are required to compensate for angled signals as a boat veers towards the poles. If you’re looking for a strong signal anywhere in the world, be prepared for a substantial price tag.

Wi-Fi extenders and hotspots don't face these same challenges, but they do require you to be closer to shore. And public Wi-Fi connections may be spotty, while hotspots require you to pay for cell service and a SIM card.

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• Satellite Internet for Boats
• Tyler Cooper

Let’s face it: we live in a constantly connected world, and sometimes, unplugging isn’t an option. It doesn’t matter if you’re surfing in Hawaii , skiing in the Alps, or backpacking Europe. You can even get satellite internet on a boat. The point is, internet access is sometimes viewed as a necessity. It’s nice to know your options, pricing, and the upsides and downsides. From there, you can make an informed decision about the internet providers you’d like to explore further.

We’re taking a deep dive into satellite internet for boats, which includes looking at providers, the tech used, costs, service packages, and more. So for all you sailors out there, we hope that this guide will have everything you need to find the best solution.

Satellite Internet Options for Boats

Iridium, Inmarsat, and KVH are the big names when it comes to satellite internet for boats. They manufacture satellite dishes or satellite internet devices, develop internet software, and provide internet access for a monthly fee. Note that you’ll need to purchase equipment on top of that access fee, which will lock you into receiving service from that provider.

Hardware differs from what you’d get if you subscribed to a home satellite internet provider . Most maritime internet satellites take on a dome shape, and for good reason: if you’re on a boat, you’re going to be moving around. You can’t simply point a dish at a satellite like you could in a static location. So these boat-specific satellite devices have to compensate for that fact, and unfortunately (as we’ll cover later) that comes at a cost.

But there are other devices available for internet access on a boat that look a little bit different. Some providers use what’s called a BGAN terminal, which stands for broadband global area network. With these home scale devices, you can access the internet and also make calls by plugging in a standard phone. If you’re familiar with Wi-Fi hotspots, there are ISAT devices with a very similar look and focus on portability.

Satellite Internet Cost Breakdown for Boats

Gaining access to the internet on a boat is an expensive proposition. It’s nothing like signing up with your local cable internet provider or even getting access through a home satellite internet company. Substantial equipment and service costs come with obtaining the service, which are much pricier than anything you’ll be paying on land. You can expect to pay several thousand dollars — if not tens of thousands of dollars — for a device capable of delivering internet access to a boat. The low side can be as little as $1,400. Spring for something a little more fancy and a little more capable, and the price can quickly shoot up to as much as $50,000 (and that’s just for hardware). You also have to account for installation fees.

Why is maritime satellite internet access so expensive? Because it costs quite a bit to transmit data via this method. Those lower cost options — the ones that come closer to what you might pay a cable company — come with incredibly significant caps. For instance, paying Inmarsat $60 a month might sound reasonable, but look more closely at the fine print, and you’ll find that your data cap is a paltry 10 MB. If you stream a song or two, you can pass that without a problem. Plans with higher data caps can reach $1,000, though those will only provide you a few gigabytes. To get truly unfettered access, you’ll likely pay a cost of $9,000 or more. In short, it’ll cost you quite a bit to have top-tier internet access all the time.

The Speed of Satellite Internet for Boats

If you’ve ever used a DSL internet connection , the speeds you’ll get from maritime satellite internet providers are pretty similar. On the low end, you’ll find speeds of 128 kbps. On the high end, 2 Mbps. They’re certainly not the worst you can do in terms of speed — you’d have to go back to dial-up for that — but they’re not all that fast, either. Let’s say you want to send some emails and browse the internet every once in a while. The lower speeds at 128 kbps will be awfully slow for that activity, but they’ll eventually get the job done. On the higher end, you shouldn’t have a problem at all.

But, what if you want to stream a movie on Netflix? For even the lowest quality stream, Netflix recommends a minimum of 500 Kbps, which the lowest-tier maritime satellite speeds won’t achieve. But if you want to view something at the standard definition — not even HD — Netflix asks that your connection maintain a speed of 3 Mbps. At its highest highs, that’s a speed you won’t be able to hit with satellite internet on a boat. And that’s not even counting the data such a stream would consume — this could wind up driving up your internet costs even more.

As for latency, or the speed with which it takes data to travel between the devices on your boat and your internet service provider, it will make some activities — like online gaming — extremely unpleasant. Still, if internet access is an absolute must for you while you’re out at sea, and speeds aren’t as important to you , then you should find the speeds from most providers suitable for your needs.

Other Entertainment Options

You might have some trouble streaming a movie on Netflix or streaming live internet TV over a maritime satellite connection. But that doesn’t mean you’re out of luck when it comes to entertainment. Many of the same companies that provide satellite internet access for boats sell equipment for satellite TV access.

That will come with added costs. You’ll need to purchase some additional equipment, which can range in the lower thousands of dollars to nearly $100,000, depending on the type of vessel you’re outfitting. From there, you’ll also need to pay a satellite television provider for service, and while that can be a more reasonable cost (no more than home access, usually under the $100 mark), the provider you’re dealing with will differ depending on the region you’re boating in. For instance, you can choose between DIRECTV and DISH if you’re sailing near the U.S. If you’re in the waters of Europe or the Middle East, however, you’ll have to get in touch with a company like Astra, Hispasat or Nilesat to obtain satellite TV service.

It’s definitely possible to have internet access — as limited as it is — while also being able to watch TV while on a boat. But the equipment costs will be substantial up front, and you’ll likely have to pay for the two services separately.

It’s Not Perfect, But It Works

Maritime satellite internet access, much like the type of satellite internet access you’d get on land, isn’t quite on-level with terrestrial broadband. If you’re looking into satellite internet for your boat, know that the speeds can’t match up, the equipment costs are steep, and you’ll pay more for service and get less in the way of the data transfer you have available.

Still, you can get satellite internet speeds at sea that are at least capable enough for emailing, web browsing, and downloading small files . And if you’re okay with paying more, you can get satellite TV access to complete the package, depending on where you are in the world.

It’s not perfect — and it’s certainly not cheap — but it works. The options are there for you. All you have to do is decide if they’re worth it.

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Marine Internet Options

Matching your boating habits with the proper system for your needs.

• Near-shore, regional, or global coverage
• Low throughput to high throughput systems

Comparing Internet Systems for Boats and Yachts

Marine Satellite Antennas

For the mariner that needs to stay connected from anywhere. Satellite antennas are often expensive both for equipment and service. Data speeds work well for web surfing and emailing, but not for streaming. These units are great for travelers that venture far off the coast and must stay connected for work. 

• Highest equipment cost
• Highest service cost
• Regional or global plans

Marine Cellular Routers

A more affordable option for marine internet. Cellular is perfect for those traveling within the US or along the coast. Speeds are often much faster than satellite when within network range, allowing for high-gigabyte web surfing and video streaming. For mariners that travel around the Caribbean, we recommend getting a US data plan, a data plan for the country you are traveling to, and a satellite phone for emergencies.

• Coastal and inland service
• High gigabyte usage
• Affordable monthly plans

Satellite Phones and Handheld Devices

The best option for staying in touch while traveling very remote. The Globalstar SPOT X and Inmarsat IsatPhone2 allow for calling and texting, while the Iridium GO! also provides low-data usage and calling directly from your cell phone.

• Near-global service
• Calling and texting
• Great for emergency use

Compare Your Marine Internet Options

Satellite antennas.

• Regional or global coverage
• Moderate speeds, allows web surfing and emailing
• Flat panel or dome equipment options
• Equipment requires professional installation

Cellular Systems

• Near-shore and inland coverage
• High speeds when in-network, allows streaming
• Compatible with US and international providers
• Small, easily mounted equipment

Satellite Phones

• Near-global coverage
• Calling, texting, SOS
• Handheld, easy to use device

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Starlink for Boats Ultimate Guide: Seamless Connectivity on the High Seas

Having a reliable internet connection onboard boats and yachts has always been a challenge, but thanks to SpaceX's Starlink Maritime, access to high-speed connectivity while at sea is now a reality for sailors and maritime professionals. Starlink Maritime is a satellite internet plan designed specifically for boats, ships, and other water transportation, providing fast internet speeds in coastal areas of the USA and Europe.

This ultimate guide to Starlink for boats will explore the technology behind Starlink's satellite communication system and its benefits for the maritime industry. The plan is intended for large vessels, with an expensive upfront fee and a hefty monthly recurring fee, making it suitable for superyachts, cruise ships, and tankers. We will delve into the installation process, hardware requirements, and considerations for selecting the best Starlink package for your maritime needs.

In addition to discussing the performance of Starlink's internet service on boats, this guide will also touch upon potential challenges and limitations that users may face while at sea. From signal strength to compatibility with existing shipboard systems, it is essential to be well-informed about the ins and outs of Starlink Maritime before making the investment in this cutting-edge technology.

Starlink: A Brief Overview

Starlink is a satellite-based internet service developed by SpaceX, with the goal of providing reliable high-speed internet access to all corners of the Earth. Launched in 2018, the project involved deploying a constellation of thousands of small satellites orbiting at low Earth orbits (LEOs). This unique network infrastructure enables significantly reduced latency and faster communication compared to traditional satellite services that rely on higher geostationary orbits.

In its initial stages, Starlink primarily offered internet access to rural and underserved areas where traditional broadband services were limited or nonexistent. However, the scope of the project has since expanded to cover various industries and applications, including maritime services. Recognizing the need for connectivity in ocean-going vessels such as ships, yachts, and cruise liners, SpaceX launched Starlink Maritime to cater to these specific requirements.

Starlink Maritime brings high-speed satellite internet to the seas, enabling vessels to maintain connectivity even when sailing far away from the shore. This service offers broadband speeds comparable to those provided in coastal areas of the USA and Europe, allowing users to access the internet for browsing, streaming, and communication under normal conditions. With download speeds of up to  350 Mbps  and upload speeds between  5 to 20 Mbps , Starlink promises to provide a viable solution for internet connectivity at sea.

However, it is essential to note that Starlink Maritime has a high upfront cost and a significant monthly fee to maintain the service, particularly targeted at large vessels, such as oil rigs, and luxury yachts. This investment helps ensure that customers receive access to a reliable satellite network, professional grade hardware that can withstand challenging environments, and dedicated maritime support from SpaceX.

Boat Connectivity Challenges

Boat owners face various connectivity challenges when attempting to access the internet while at sea. One primary concern is obtaining a stable and reliable connection, as traditional options like cellular networks can be limited or unavailable due to distance from cell towers or signal interference.

Another issue arises from the constant movement of boats on water. Even at anchor or in a marina, a boat's position can shift, causing the signal to weaken or disconnect. This movement poses difficulties for satellite systems that require a clear line of sight and precise positioning to maintain connectivity.

In addition to these physical challenges, there is the complexity of integrating multiple communication systems on a boat, such as cellular, satellite, and Wi-Fi networks. Seamless integration of these systems is crucial for ensuring uninterrupted coverage and transitioning between connections.

Cost is also a concern for many boat owners. Internet service providers typically charge a premium for maritime connectivity solutions, with subscription fees and hardware expenses adding up over time. Moreover, available options may have restrictive data caps, slow speeds, or limited coverage areas, which can hinder optimal connectivity onboard.

Despite these challenges, solutions like  Starlink  are emerging as potential options for boat owners looking to improve connectivity while at sea. With its expanding network of low Earth orbit satellites, Starlink aims to provide global maritime coverage with speeds up to 220 Mbps, providing a more reliable alternative to traditional connectivity options.

Why Consider Starlink for Boats

As remote connectivity becomes more crucial for boaters, Starlink offers several benefits to consider when looking for an onboard internet solution. In this section, we will discuss the high-speed internet and global coverage aspects of Starlink for boats.

High-Speed Internet

One of the most significant advantages of Starlink for boats is the provision of high-speed, low-latency internet access. Thanks to its growing network of low-Earth orbiting (LEO) satellites, Starlink can provide broadband internet services that are both fast and reliable source . This means that whether you're sailing for pleasure or conducting business on the water, you can maintain seamless connectivity for activities such as video conferencing, streaming, and downloading large files.

Furthermore, Starlink's internet speeds surpass those offered by traditional satellite internet providers, ensuring a smoother online experience comparable to land-based broadband services.

Global Coverage

Another advantage of Starlink for boats is its potential for global coverage. With its extensive network of LEO satellites, Starlink aims to provide uninterrupted internet connectivity to even the most remote locations source . This proves particularly beneficial for boaters who venture far offshore or into areas where other communication services may be limited or non-existent.

By leveraging the advantages of Starlink's global coverage, boaters can remain connected wherever their journey takes them – ensuring they can stay informed, entertained, and in touch with friends and family back home.

Starlink Hardware and Installation

Starlink dish.

The Starlink Dish, also known as Dishy, is the main component for receiving satellite signals. It has a motorized system to automatically adjust and maintain the best possible alignment with the Starlink satellites. It's crucial to place the dish in a location with an unobstructed view of the sky for optimal performance. When setting up Dishy, use the  Starlink app  to check for obstructions and follow the on-screen instructions.

Mounting Options

There are various mounting options available to suit different boat types, such as pole mounts, rail mounts, and non-penetrating roof mounts. Be mindful that the mounting location should be unobstructed and provide a stable platform for the dish. Selecting the right mount is essential to  securely and effectively install Dishy  on your boat.

Power Supply

Powering Dishy on a boat requires an appropriate power supply. One available solution is to use a Power Over Ethernet (POE) adaptor, which simplifies the setup, saves space, and reduces power consumption. It allows Dishy to be powered directly from the boat's DC 12v house bank instead of the standard 110v AC power supply ( source ).

Receiver and Router

Starlink's receiver and router are used to connect devices to the satellite internet. The receiver is integrated into Dishy, while the router connects to the Ethernet cable that links Dishy to your devices. For wired connections, such as connecting a Wi-Fi router or mesh system, use the  Starlink Ethernet  cable provided in the kit. Installing the router in a central location aboard the boat can help ensure optimal network performance and signal distribution.

Subscription and Pricing

Understanding the subscription and pricing options for Starlink Maritime is crucial for boat owners who want to make an informed decision about this internet service. This section discusses the monthly plans and additional costs associated with using Starlink on boats.

Monthly Plans

Starlink Maritime offers a standard subscription plan with a monthly service fee of  $1,000 . This plan provides high-speed internet access on the water for boat owners. Subscribers can pause and resume the service as needed without having to pay the full monthly fee continuously. This flexibility allows boaters to customize their internet access based on their time spent at sea.

Additional Costs

In addition to the monthly service fee, there are some initial hardware costs associated with Starlink Maritime. The required hardware includes a specialized satellite dish called "Dishy McFlatface" and accompanying equipment. The total cost of this hardware is  $2,500 which is a one-time investment for boat owners seeking fast, reliable internet access.

It is essential to note that these hardware costs are separate from the monthly subscription fee. However, they are necessary for proper installation and operation of the Starlink Maritime system. Once the hardware is in place, subscribers can enjoy internet speeds up to  350Mbps/40Mbps (down/up)  on their boats.

When considering Starlink Maritime for your boat, be sure to factor in both the monthly subscription fee and the initial hardware investment. This will ensure that you have a clear understanding of the costs involved in setting up and maintaining your Starlink connection.

Safety and Maintenance

Weather resistance.

Starlink for boats is designed to withstand various weather conditions, ensuring reliable internet connectivity even in harsh environments. The Maritime version of Starlink offers download speeds of up to 350 Mbps offshore, and the hardware can endure extreme conditions, such as those experienced during rocket landings.

However, it is still essential for boat owners to protect their Starlink equipment from excessive exposure to moisture and other environmental factors by following recommended installation guidelines and regularly checking for signs of wear and tear.

Preventive Measures

To maintain the safety and longevity of the Starlink system on a boat, users should take a proactive approach in carrying out preventive measures. Some essential steps include:

• Conducting routine visual inspections of the equipment to identify any signs of damage or corrosion.
• Cleaning the satellite dish and other exposed components as needed to remove dirt, salt, or other debris.
• Regularly checking for software updates and applying them promptly to maintain optimal performance and security.

By adhering to these preventive measures, boat owners can ensure their Starlink system remains reliable, efficient, and safe throughout its lifespan.

Limitations and Challenges

Connection stability.

One of the primary challenges for Starlink users on boats is the connection stability. While the satellite internet service provides fast speeds and low latency, it may not be as stable as traditional maritime internet services. Factors such as weather, movement of the vessel, and the current coverage of Starlink satellites can affect the reliability of the connection.

In some cases, users may experience slower upload speeds than advertised, with speeds ranging between 5 to 10 Mbps instead of the promised 10 to 20 Mbps. This can limit the effectiveness of video conferencing and other bandwidth-consuming activities while onboard a boat .

Legal Regulations

Another challenge for boaters looking to use Starlink is navigating the legal regulations surrounding satellite internet services. As Starlink continues to expand its coverage, users may face restrictions and limitations depending on the territories and countries they visit. It is essential for boaters to stay informed about the rules and guidelines in place to avoid potential legal complications when using Starlink in different locations.

While the coverage and stability of Starlink for maritime use are expected to improve over the next few years, it is important to remember that this technology is still in its early stages. Boat owners should consider combining Starlink with a cellular router for a more robust and reliable connectivity solution while they are at anchor or dock .

Alternative Solutions

In addition to Starlink for boats, there are other satellite communication solutions available for maritime connectivity. These alternatives include Marine VSAT systems, FleetBroadband, and Iridium Certus.

Marine VSAT systems

Marine VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) systems have been used for years as a reliable method of maintaining communications at sea. These systems use geostationary satellites to provide a stable internet connection for boats and ships. Many manufacturers offer different kinds of Marine VSAT systems, ensuring that there is a suitable option for vessels of all sizes.

There are various service providers available offering connectivity and packages to meet specific requirements, such as data limits and speeds. While Marine VSAT systems can have higher setup costs and inconsistent coverage in some regions, they remain a popular choice for many users seeking connections over long distances or in remote areas.

FleetBroadband

FleetBroadband is a global marine communication service provided by Inmarsat, a leading satellite operator. This system offers reliable and high-quality voice and data communication services for ships and boats of all sizes. FleetBroadband delivers speeds of up to 432 kbps and supports simultaneous phone calls, SMS, and internet access.

The service utilizes the Inmarsat-4 satellite network, providing reliable coverage in all ocean regions except the extreme polar regions. FleetBroadband works with a range of specialized antennas and hardware, and installation can vary based on vessel requirements. While not as fast as some other options, FleetBroadband provides consistent services for maritime users.

Iridium Certus

Iridium Certus is a flexible satellite broadband service that provides global coverage, including polar areas, through the Iridium NEXT low earth orbit satellite network. It offers a variety of solutions tailored to different vessel types and communication needs, with scalable speeds of up to 704 kbps.

One of the main advantages of Iridium Certus is its truly global coverage, making it an ideal choice for boats and ships traveling in remote areas or undertaking expeditions. The service also supports multiple communication functions, including voice, email, and internet access. Iridium Certus can be more expensive than other options, but its worldwide coverage and versatility make it a valuable option for many maritime users.

As the world becomes more interconnected, reliable internet access has become essential for many aspects of life, including sailing and boating activities. Starlink, developed by SpaceX, is bringing high-speed satellite internet to oceans across the globe through its  Starlink Maritime  service.

For boat owners, Starlink offers a reliable and stable internet connection that can alleviate connectivity issues while on the water. However, it is important to understand its  limitations  and consider factors such as costs and equipment before committing to the service.

Starlink has the potential to revolutionize boating experiences, offering smooth video conferencing, the ability to efficiently run online businesses, and enhanced GPS navigation capabilities. Installing a Starlink dish on your boat might represent a significant investment, but it can greatly improve your quality of life onboard.

In conclusion, with proper research and consideration of individual needs, the Starlink Maritime service can be a game-changer for boating enthusiasts and professionals alike. Just be sure to weigh the pros and cons carefully and follow the best installation practices to ensure an optimal connection and user experience.

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• Digital edition

Internet at sea: The future of getting online

• Katy Stickland
• August 10, 2021

Mark Hawkins explores the options for guaranteed internet at sea and the new technologies for bluewater sailors

Atlantic Rally for Cruisers (ARC) participants often access online services to check weather forecasts, access vital data or post on social media. Credit: Tim Bishop/TimBishMedia

For many decades, radio communication was the only option for mariners to communicate with the shore, but now an increasing number of satellite technologies are available for getting internet at sea, writes Mark Hawkins.

This growing choice comes with a large side order of confusion.

As a liveaboard, when the COVID-19 pandemic forced people to work from home, or in my case working from a boat, I had to quickly make the best use of remote internet access technology, to continue my role as global humanitarian technology manager for Save the Children International.

Like many other people, I needed a stable connection to join Zoom meetings, access email and many other online services which have become our modern workplace.

Mark Hawkins working remotely on his Jeanneau Sun Odyssey 30. Credit: Mark Hawkins

Reliable internet access is also helpful for passage-making. I use a tablet on board as a chartplotter .

The navigation app needs an internet connection to update charts and to download the latest weather data.

As an experienced mariner, I still consider existing technologies such as VHF radio as a mission-critical form of communication as internet access should not be regarded as the only source of information.

Whilst VHF is line of sight and limited to coastal areas, the routine broadcasts from HM Coastguard includes safety information which is almost real time and not available on websites or apps.

Further offshore, high-frequency (HF) radio is used mainly for voice communication, but with the correct sort of modem and a subscription to https://sailmail.org.

Mark Hawkins’ Jeanneau Sun Odyssey 30 where he works from home in the Solent. Credit: Mark Hawkins

Data over HF is not new.

In 2002, I established a network of radio stations in the Democratic Republic of Congo using Bushmail – which was the land-based version of Sailmail.

With a maximum data rate of 2.4Kb/sec, my experience was that this technology could only be used to send text only emails.

This is good enough for basic weather information, but live internet services like WhatsApp does not work on HF radio data networks.

Internet at sea: Shoreside wifi

Accessing the internet on board requires you to have appropriate technology and a nearby service.

There are a range of options to choose from, each with its own hardware requirements and cost.

The rule of thumb here is the further away the boat is from land, the more expensive data may cost.

Marina WiFi is not available on my berth, and even if it were, I have been quite disappointed with the performance of most free WiFi hotspots I have tried to use.

Mark uses a WiFi hotspot to boost his reception. Credit: Mark Hawkins

In my experience, marina WiFi performs poorly because the signal is too weak, too many people are using the network or the network itself has not been set up with enough capacity in the first place.

The signal performance can be improved using WiFi adapters that have external antennas.

But before investing in new technology , it’s always a good idea to take a laptop to a place where the signal strength is strong and check the performance.

Some marinas also provide premium WiFi which performs better. There are normally extra charges.

4G Phone signal

My internet setup consists of a CradlePoint 4G router with a www.three.co.uk SIM card.

Unlimited data costs £20 per month which is enough to keep me connected and to run a security camera so I can monitor my boat for issues during any time away.

There is much debate on social media groups about the best 4G network.

Frankly, it is none of them as service quality depends upon where your boat is located at the time.

Location will affect service quality in two ways.

First, the further you are from the mobile base station, the weaker the signal. This will slow down connection speeds.

The Open signal app to check network coverage

Second, in places with more population density, speeds will be slower when a lot of people nearby are online.

As service quality will change from location to location, it is a good idea to do some research to find out which might be the best networks for your normal sailing area.

There are websites like www.opensignal.com which provide signal coverage maps.

The data used is captured from signals measured by mobile phones that have the Open signal app installed.

This presents a more accurate picture of the service you are likely to get rather than the optimistic maps produced by the mobile networks.

Local knowledge is your friend.

There are plenty of online discussion groups such as the YM’s Scuttlebutt where you can ask others about their experiences with mobile networks.

VHF and SSB radios, as well as satellite phones are carried by many offshore sailors. Credit: World Cruising Club

I have found that no single network is good everywhere.

Three provides a great service in Portsmouth Harbour on my own berth.

In other parts of the Solent, I swap the SIM card to Vodafone as it has a better service in places than Three.

Using multiple SIM cards need not be too expensive as many operators have reasonable pay as you go options available.

Most networks are 4G which can perform at around 8Mb/sec.

Typically you will experience a good 4G service up to three miles from a mast.

Beyond this range, the signal will fade and the network will switch to a 3G service which is strong up to six miles and sometimes a little further.

Internet at sea: Roaming charges

For those who sail overseas, there are more things to consider before using data.

So far, Brexit has had no impact on roaming charges.

Many networks will allow users to use their data bundles overseas at no extra cost.

Internet at sea: Atlantic Rally for Cruisers (ARC) sailor, Fenice Auer, using weather routing while making the Atlantic crossing. Credit: World Cruising Club

Three is very competitive and their data bundles allow roaming in 71 countries – including the EU.

Roaming can lead to some unexpected charges if you do not pay attention to how you are roaming and the terms and conditions for your service.

Globetrotting sailors may need to take a different approach as SIM cards purchased in the UK may not be the best option.

An alternative approach is to buy a local SIM card or global roaming SIM from specialists like www.telna.com or www.globalsimcard.co.uk .

Tips to avoid ‘bill shock’

• Look at your contract and know which countries you can roam with your existing UK data plan.
• Set a daily spend cap with alerts.
• Cruise liners at sea often run mobile networks which are powered by satellite technology. While near cruise liners try not to connect to their networks as they are not likely to be part of discounted roaming bundles.

Internet at sea: Fifth generation technology

5G technology is starting to appear on the market, offering the promise of greater internet speeds.

Faster speeds are achieved by using higher frequencies in the radio spectrum.

This has the consequence of signals having a shorter range of 1,000ft, significantly less than 3G and 4G. All 5G systems can receive 4G and 3G when 5G is not available.

I do not recommend upgrading to new 5G technology now unless you intend to spend a lot of time in harbour where 5G is provided.

Internet at sea: Satellite technology

If you spend a lot of time offshore or your mooring is in a remote location where there are no mobile signals, then satellite technology could be an option to consider.

In the past, internet access via the satellite has been too expensive to consider, but things are changing and viable services are just over the horizon.

New tech players are entering the market to provide satellite data services which are cheaper than services provided by the long-established satellite operators.

Using internet services to access weather and routing information supplements paper navigation for most sailors offshore now. Credit: World Cruising Club

Inmarsat has been providing broadband services via its BGAN (previously R-BGAN) products since 2003.

But at $5 per megabyte, it is too expensive for many sailors.

Other ways to access the internet include VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) which can cost £30,000 upwards and then more than £1,000 per month to operate.

StarLink fleet

With the current technology well beyond the reach of most sailors’ budgets, the tech sector is starting to disrupt the market with new products.

Over the past year, SpaceX has launched thousands of small Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites as part of its StarLink service.

At an altitude of just over 500km, StarLink’s fleet is well below the 36,000km orbits used by other satellite operators.

Internet at sea: Starlink app on Apple iPhone screen

The advantage of these lower orbits enables systems to operate with smaller and less powerful antennas.

SpaceX has started to roll out its new StarLink service with coverage now available in the UK.

Currently the StarLink technology is designed for shore-based subscribers, but I cannot see Elon Musk ignoring the opportunity to break into the maritime sector with technologies designed for boats.

The price tag for a StarLink system is around $499 plus around $99 per month for a subscription.

Reports from people who have bought this technology is encouraging, as performance is currently better than the average ADSL speed on a landline in the UK.

Up-and-coming rivals

Over the next few years, even more networks will enter the market to compete with StarLink.

OneWeb was bailed out by the UK government and Bharti Airtel and will also operate in the LEO orbit.

In addition to telecoms and data, OneWeb may also use the same satellites to deliver a UK government supported alternative to GPS navigation.

Recently Jeff Bezos announced that he will step down from Amazon to focus more on space technology.

As a person with a record of disrupting retail, can we expect a similar shake-up to happen with space telecoms?

As we are presented with many options to stay connected at sea, our traditional methods used for communication by voice will not escape disruption either.

Satellite phones

There is a significant shake-up unfolding which will have an impact on the technology we use to make phone calls at sea or send distress calls.

Inmarsat was once the only satellite network available for civilian use.

Founded in 1979, until the early 2000’s Inmarsat had a monopoly over voice telecoms for more than 20 years which includes the satellite part of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS).

Iridium and Thuraya came to the market with hand-portable satellite phones and cheaper tariffs.

Internet at sea: Sailors taking part in the Atlantic Rally for Cruisers often use routing software, informed by weather data. Credit: Tim Bishop/TimBishMedia

In the aid sector, these operators have mostly replaced Inmarsat as the system of choice, since it took Inmarsat a few years to catch up with a new handset to replace its old bulky systems.

In December 2020, Iridium was approved as a new GMDSS provider joining Inmarsat which was the only GMDSS service provider since its inception.

This new technology will allow sailors to send distress calls and receive SafetyNet messages – a satellite version of NAVTEX.

To date, GMDSS satellite cover was limited to latitudes less than 70⁰North and South.

Iridium is fully global which means that full GMDSS is now available to sailors in the high latitudes.

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The new Iridium GMDSS system is made by Lars Thrane.

The LT-3100 system has the same GMDSS functions you would expect from an Inmarsat system.

It is now licensed for sale in many EU countries. The entry of new players into the GMDSS market will help to bring the costs of systems down over time.

Typically, the LR-3100 system costs £3,500, and there are a range of contract and pay as you go pricing for airtime from companies such as Applied Satellite Technology: www.theastgroup.com.

Another benefit of the Iridium network is that the GMDSS features can still be accessed without a current airtime subscription.

Push-to-talk

Iridium has been innovating in other areas as well.

In the last few years, it launched the push-to-talk (PTT) service.

This technology looks like and operates like VHF radio and comes in two formats.

The mobile version can be hardwired into a yacht with an external aerial fitted.

The Icom IC-SAT100 is a two-way satellite system that operates exclusively on Iridium

The portable version is about the same size as a standard VHF walkie-talkie style handset.

Iridium PTT is not yet GMDSS approved, and users are not able to communicate with coastguards or able to make normal phone calls.

So, this system will not be useful to the wider yachting public as the PTT channels operate like a private and secured VHF channel.

Iridium PTT could become a useful and reliable fleet communications tool for boats participating in ocean sailing events.

If all yachts and control centres in the event are equipped with Iridium PTT, event managers can quickly share weather and other information through fleet broadcast.

Whilst not on the Iridium roadmap, it would be great to see some form of the Iridium PTT channels adopted into GMDSS so that voice distress calls can be made from a small handset anywhere in the world.

The new Iridium GMDSS system, made by Lars Thrane, will allow sailors to send distress calls and receive SafetyNet messages (satellite version of NAVTEX)

Typically, a subscription to PTT costs around £100 per handset per month which allows for unlimited talk time.

Readers of a certain age will remember the days when we used to use our VHF radios to contact BT coastal radio stations hoping to patch sailors to landlines ashore.

The spread of mobile phones brought about the demise of coastal radio stations.

Satellite telephones disrupted the HF coastal stations like Portishead in the same way.

The disruption to the way we communicate is likely to continue further.

From 2023, we are likely to see the start of a new era where mobile phone technology begins to disrupt satellite phones.

Game-changing technology

AST & Science in the USA is a new start-up company and has teamed up with Vodafone to build a new fleet of satellites to complement existing mobile phone networks.

In a few years, they will start to launch a service where mobile phones can access 4G and 5G services directly from a satellite.

This will be a game-changer as this approach eliminates the need to invest in existing satellite technology.

Internet at sea: In a few years’ time, Vendee Globe skippers like Louis Burton and other mariners are likely to be using mobile phone technology offshore. Credit: Stephane MAILLARD

It is not likely to enter the GMDSS arena for some time, but in the future, I would not rule this out.

From a standard smartphone, people will be able to subscribe to satellite networks when they are outside of normal land-based cover.

The likely commercial model is that traditional mobile operators will offer satellite functions as additional options.

Mark Hawkins’ role for Save the Children International is responsible for radio and satellite communications in over 40 countries. He also leads a disaster response team and was a Yachtmaster Instructor before joining the aid world.

Mobile networks are designed to serve customers who are no further than 20km from a base station.

The satellites are much further away, and I think there will be a few technical challenges to overcome.

I believe this new approach to global communication will be a game changer when the technology is launched.

In my dealings with the satellite industry over many years, I have consistently been impressed with the levels of innovation various companies have delivered.

I have met some of the AST & Science board members during my role to secure satellite communications for Save the Children International.

They have many years’ experience in delivering satellite-based innovation.

The prospect of being able to use a standard mobile smartphone anywhere in the world is something which will make the cost of communication for bluewater sailors much more affordable

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The best boat wi-fi – everything you need to know about staying connected onboard

Wifi for boats is an increasingly important consideration for many leisure sailors, who rely on apps and an internet connection for vital functions such as navigation and whether reports, as well as maintaining business connections or staying in touch with friends via social media. sam fortescue explores the options for the best onboard wifi – from routers to satellite services..

Some readers will relish the idea of dropping the mobile phone right to the bottom of their kit bag, where it can’t be heard for a few days, and setting off for a sail. But the reality of life is that we all need the internet close at hand, even on the boat.

Myriad navigational tools are available online, from charting apps to weather, and even if you don’t always use them, it’s good to know they are there. These days, the mobile phone is considered the number one piece of safety kit aboard – it’s a key means of raising the alert if something goes wrong. And those who sail with children will testify to the balm-like effect of having some electronic entertainment on hand.

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Phones work well on board as long as you remain within sight of a cell tower. But nestled in under the cliffs of a wild anchorage, or cutting across Lyme Bay for instance, you might struggle to find enough network to connect. A host of electronic solutions to this problem have been developed, so there’s no reason to go without internet access any more, even in high latitudes. Whether you are a safety-only user, a social media addict or into streaming HD content, there’s a different gear package for you. We run through the options.

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See all our sailing gear reviews

Boat wifi only – the budget option

The cheapest, but not always the easiest, way to get wifi on board is to use the marina’s (or other local hot-spot) wireless system. Connecting your phone or laptop to it directly is OK, but you often struggle to get a good connection, particularly below deck. That’s where a wifi booster is required.

At its simplest, you could mount a high-gain antenna on the pushpit that plugs directly into the USB socket of your laptop – ideal for downloading weather, checking the news or sending emails. Something such as Digital Yacht’s WL70 has a reported 1km (0.62miles) range. MailASail claims its Wifi Bat has connected to wifi up to 10 miles away, and Wave Wifi’s Rogue Wave claims up to seven miles’ range.

If you’re sailing with family and friends who also want to get online, a shared connection is needed. Digital Yacht’s iKConnect wireless router would do the trick, combined with either the WL70 or the more powerful WL510 antenna. Alternatively, brands such as Wifi Onboard sell generic router and antenna packages.

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Florida-based Wave WiFi has developed its MBR 500 router specifically for yachts. It offers a simplified user interface and connection to the Rogue Wave antenna via an Ethernet plug, which uses far less power than USB.

MailASail makes a Red Box router that can select automatically between wifi, 4G and satellite comms, compress emails for faster transmission and network your instruments’ NMEA data. It is a great all-rounder, but perhaps too intricate if you just want wifi on board.

Boat wifi antennas

• Digital Yacht WL70: £180
• MailASail Wifi Bat: £358.80
• Wave Wifi Rogue Wave: £tbc
• Wifi Onboard: £185

Boat wifi routers

• Digital Yacht iKConnect: £180
• Wifi Onboard (antenna and router package): £300
• MailASail Red Box: £580.80
• Wave WiFi MBR 500: £tbc

Coastal flexibility

Marina wifi is often too slow to be useful, so a better bet is to use the mobile phone network, which has much higher data rates thanks to 4G (and soon 5G) coverage. Again, the cheapest way of doing this is to install a 4G router in the boat – you could even use a home mifi device (small, wireless devices that let multiple users and mobile devices share a mobile broadband internet connection.) Just plug in a mobile data SIM (monthly contract or pay-as-you-go) and access the internet wherever there is a mobile phone signal.

MailASail’s Roam-Free 4-Gateway claims to boost the 4G signal nearly a thousandfold, giving it much better range. While Digital Yacht’s 4G Connect router and Wave WiFi’s MBR 550 can switch between shoreside wifi when it’s available and 4G. Croatia’s Locomarine is a more recent player in this field, and its Yacht Router Micro package combines an internal 4G router with an external wifi antenna (powered over Ethernet). It has a built-in SIM card slot and can be expanded with another SIM-card module to receive mobile data anywhere in the world.

All of these units are certainly more powerful receivers than your mobile phone alone, but will still struggle more than a few miles from the cell tower or along cliffy coasts. For better range, pair the router with a dedicated high-gain mobile phone antenna on the pushpit, such as Digital Yacht’s 4G Connect Pro or Wifi Onboard’s Huawei router package. “Ranges up to 15-20 miles offshore have been achieved (mobile network tower location dependent),” says Paul Sumpner of Digital Yacht.

A combined antenna and router for mounting on deck makes for much simpler retrofitting, because you only need a power connection. In tests off Cape Finisterre, MVG’s NeptuLink delivered up to 100mbps download speed (enough to stream several HD movies simultaneously) as far as 22 miles offshore, and maintained some form of network connection at even greater range. It is designed specifically to deal with the way that radio waves propagate above the sea, as well as the pitching and rolling motion of boats at sea.

Glomex’s Webboat 4G Plus also bundles the router and the antenna in the same external unit, but has a bigger profile with its dome. The system offers handy dual SIM card slots, and will switch between those and wifi for the best signal.

• Digital Yacht 4G Connect: £390
• MailASail Roam-Free 4-Gateway: £418.80
• Wave WiFi MBR 550: £tbc
• Locomarine Yacht Router: €1,210

4G routers with external antenna

• Digital Yacht 4G Connect Pro: £660
• Wifi Onboard 4G/wifi router: £675
• Glomex Webboat 4G Plus: €1,049
• MVG NeptuLink: c£2,000

Data everywhere

If you want to guarantee ultimate connectivity even mid-ocean, then there is only one option: satellite comms. Not only is the kit itself more expensive, but you pay a much higher rate per megabyte of data than you would via wifi or 4G. The sky is the limit here, with a money-no-object contract and tracking antenna dish capable of giving you megabits of bandwidth.

Basic entry-level satellite connectivity is actually quite cheap. The bluewater sailor’s staple for many years has been an Iridium phone with built-in or external modem. It keeps you safe with the ability to make calls from anywhere on the world’s oceans, and offers dial-up internet access all for around £1,800-£2,200, including handset, cabling and antenna. Data is charged at $1.50 per minute, not per megabyte, and is very slow. Sending a couple of emails or downloading a small file might take five minutes, so you have to use good compression software.

“If you want weather access and to get good value from them, then there is a lot of value in purchasing through a specialist retailer who will give you aftermarket support and training,” says Ed Wildgoose of MailASail. “This is not an iPhone-like product that will work for all very simply out of the box. Internet speeds are pre-1990s dial-up rates.”

• Iridium 9555: £1,018.80
• Iridium 9522B: £1,918.80

The next step up would be a service such as Fleet One from Inmarsat, now offering up to 150kbps – roughly three times the speed of dial-up. It’s enough for weather routing, WhatsApp, blogging, email and sending occasional photos. Inmarsat’s free 505 safety service is built in, connecting you directly to the nearest search and rescue team in the event of distress, and you can use voice and data services at the same time – handy if you’re running a business from the boat.

Iridium offers a faster 352kbps connection through the more expensive Certus system, which might also keep you in Facebook posts. Or for roughly the same installation cost, Inmarsat’s Fleet Broadband offers 550kbps. As well as the extra speed, it will give access to a suite of Inmarsat safety features from next year, including Distress Chat and safety messages for your region.

All are relatively easy to install, but hardware costs are up to five times higher (see right). Airtime, on the other hand, is much cheaper with a range of monthly subscriptions giving you a fixed amount of data, or unlimited data in a fixed geographical area. The cost of data on a high-volume contract can be less than 10 per cent of that on an occasional-use contract.

“Voice calls are generally better quality than the handheld phones,” explains Wildgoose. “Also, you generally have two-plus voice lines which can be useful for business users or people with guests on board (second bill for the guests). It’s still essential to use an optimisation service as compressed services still typically use 1/10th of the data and hence reduce your bills by a factor of up to 10x, but your range of options is so much greater.”

• Iridium Certus: £7,199 plus data at $14.36-$1.08/MB
• Inmarsat Fleet One: £3,594 plus data at $10.50 or $6.13/MB
• Inmarsat Fleet Broadband: £5,331-£7,381 plus data from £328/m

If you really want to go to town with data aboard, you’ll need something such as a VSAT system, offering megabit download rates. These need to be custom installed and tailored to your yacht, so don’t expect to buy one off the shelf. A specialised installer will take care of that for you. You’ll be looking at something like the TracPhone V3-HTS from KVH, where a contract costing $1,100/m will buy you 2GB of data, or around $2,000 buys 5GB – all on the Intelsat network.

If that doesn’t sound like enough speed for you, then Inmarsat’s Fleet Xpress is the top-of-the-line network service. Usually seen on superyachts and commercial vessels, it is powered by Ka-band satellites and offers download speeds of up to 10mbps for always-on connectivity. The terminals weigh upwards of 37kg and measure up to 1m in diameter, so this would only suit the most determined communicator with a large yacht.

• KVH TracPhone V3-HTS: £17,400
• Inmarsat Fleet Xpress: from £26,000, with monthly data from £1,312

Bytes, bits and speed

A megabyte is an amount of data – perhaps an image, file or song. Many data contracts limit the number of megabytes you can download each month

Kbps/mbps – this is a measure of how much data you can transfer per second – it is a measure of speed. Satellite contacts specify the maximum speed available to you. In general, the poorer the connection (whether wifi, 4G of satellite), the slower it is.

How much do I need?

• Photo – typically around 1 megabyte
• HD film – perhaps 5 gigabytes

And how fast?

• Skype calls – 100kbps
• Video calls – 300kbps
• Facebook – 500kbps
• Streaming video – 1.5mbps
• HD video – 5.0mbps

Key Contacts

• digitalyacht.co.uk
• wifionboard.co.uk
• mailasail.com
• mvg-world.com
• locomarine.com
• inmarsat.com
• iridium.com

Value: 8/10 Performance: 8/10

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How do I get high-speed Internet on my boat like s/v Delos?

by Richard Anderson | Mar 31, 2020

(note: the alternatives to viasat section of this article was updated for 2023 on 01 Oct 2023)

If you are a subscriber of Sailing SV Delos YouTube channel you may have seen their recent episode showing their new high-speed satellite Internet installation.   In the video, Delos crew are joined by a team from Viasat to install a satellite broadband internet system .  They show Brian installing a little rack of networking equipment below decks and then the team hoisting a large dome onto the center of their solar arch.  Finally, they run a speed test with amazing speeds and then they stream their own Youtube videos via satellite.  Amazing Right?  We all want that! And you may be wondering what they actually installed, and whether it’s something you can get also?   Read on for the details!

Who is Viasat?

Viasat is one of several satellite broadband providers operating with geostationary satellites.  You may also be familiar with HughesNet .  Both Viasat and HughesNet offer satellite Internet for homes and businesses as an alternative to cable, fiber, and DSL.  In the maritime world, you may also be familiar with Inmarsat and KVH , both of which also offer satellite broadband via geostationary satellites for boats, yachts, and ships.   All of these providers offer a service referred to as VSAT (Very-Small Aperture Terminal).  KVH sometimes calls their own service mini-VSAT.  The “Very-Small” refers to the dish size being less than 9ft in diameter. For reference, geostationary satellites are orbiting at ~22,000 miles of altitude over the Earth’s surface and follow the earths spin, so they appear from a viewer’s perspective to always be in the same place in the sky.  From a fixed point like a house, you can point an antenna at the satellite, and it will stay pointed at the satellite more or less forever without having to adjust it.  VSAT systems typically operate in the Ku- or Ka-Band of radio frequency, from 10-15Ghz or 17-31Ghz way higher frequency than wifi, cellular, and slower satellite broadband systems such as Iridium (Iridium operates on L-Band, ~1.6Ghz) 1 .  There are advantages and disadvantages to low and high frequencies, but generally you need higher frequency to support higher speeds. Note: DirecTV and Dish Network satellite TV are similar, they just broadcast using a different radio technology. Viasat has also recently been deploying their services on airplanes, gradually replacing the older, slower, land-based, GoGo Inflight internet service.  Since it is satellite based, Viasat service works on more flight routes and can also provide more bandwidth to each plane.

What equipment does it require?

VSAT services in general, and Viasat is no different, require a relatively large dish antenna that points at the satellite at all times.  For boats, this means a satellite dome with a dish inside that uses gps sensor, gyros and motors to stay pointed in exactly the right direction at all times as the boat or ship moves, pitches, rolls, tacks, etc. at sea.  These dishes can be as small as 15 inches in diameter, but the most common sizes are actually closer to 1 meter.  The dome installed on SV Delos is a Sailor 600 weighing about 50kg as quoted by the installer.   “Sailor” is a series of marine antenna systems made by the company Cobham 2 , and the 600 model has a dish size of 65cm (25.5 inches) in diameter (that’s the size of the moving dish inside the dome, the overall dimensions of the dome are a bit larger).  Viasat operates on the higher Ka-Band frequency. For reference, this is the same frequency band that SpaceX Starlink and other upcoming satellite Internet constellations plan to use.  The downside of higher frequency is the need for larger antennas and/or higher power transmitters as higher frequencies go shorter distances compared with lower frequencies, all other things being equal.  Ka/Ku Band is also more susceptible to heavy weather/rain interference compared with lower frequencies.

How much power does it take?

The high frequency combined with gyro-stabilization of the dish means that a VSAT system like the Sailor 600 can use 200-400 watts when it’s in active use.   The rougher the seas, the more power it will consume.  If you left it running all day and night you might be consuming as much as 7kwh per day.  Of course, you can shut it down when you aren’t using it to save power but if you need active phone service all the time, and your VSAT system is your only satellite phone, then you’d need to leave it on for that to work.  Power usage does vary with how it’s being used, when it’s not moving or transmitting the consumption is considerably lower.

How fast is it?

Typical VSAT systems offer speeds between 1mbps and 40mbps download speeds.  In the SV Delos video, they showed a speed test of over 120mbps download speed which is very impressive and an upload speed of about 4.5mbps.  This speed test result shown on video seems to be a marketing tactic by Viasat since their own website shows speeds up to 50mbps, and once you dig in to their airtime plans you will see that most are in the 15mbps download speed range.   Even at 15mbps though, you can do a ton of things like multi-user video conferencing, HD video streaming and more. The average home in the US gets ~60mbps of download speed and 5mbps of upload speed 3 , so you can see that Viasat is offering speeds similar to the average residential broadband service.  As of 2023, Viasat is offering unlimited usage plans with up to about 50mbps download and 5mbps upload, but those speeds are not guaranteed.

But bandwidth is not the only factor.

As with any satellite internet solution, latency is going to be affected by the altitude of the satellite, and geostationary satellites are at the high end of altitudes used by satellites.   Expected latency is ~700ms (as quoted by Viasat in the Delos video).  This is the amount of time it takes for a piece of information to go from the user to the satellite, back to ground, then back from ground to the user via satellite (ie: a round trip).  This is directly related to the distance geostationary (GEO) satellites sit above the earth.   In comparison, a typical home cable internet connection will offer latency of less than 30ms.  Low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites like Iridium will have latency of ~100ms, and future LEO constellations (ie: OneWeb, Starlink, etc) may actually achieve ~30ms like land based networks, but this is still a work in progress. For general web browsing, video streaming, downloading, uploading, etc. latency makes little difference to average users.  But online gaming and other highly interactive services will suffer somewhat or be completely unusable depending on the software/service’s sensitivity to latency.   As of 2023, Starlink is online and operating globally.  Starlink service is compelling for a number of reasons but depending on the user and amount of data they use, Viasat may still be a good option as they provide unlimited data usage for a flat fee in the oceans, a feature that Starlink charges extra for on a per-GB basis.   More on Starlink below..

Okay, but what does it cost?

The old saying “you get what you pay for” is pretty accurate here, though there is a difference between up-front costs and ongoing costs when it comes to satellite broadband for boats.  My typical advice to customers is the more you are willing to invest in the hardware, the faster and cheaper the usage becomes.  This is not a perfect rule but it’s pretty close to reality. True VSAT hardware starts at ~ $25K (which would include the Sailor 600).  When you compare that with other satellite hardware such as Iridium ($1K-8K), Inmarsat ($3K-15K) you certainly spend more, but the speeds you get from VSAT are orders of magnitude higher.  Also, hardware is an investment in the boat and/or your business, depending on why you need/want high-speed internet aboard.   For business use you can depreciate the hardware as a business asset and it’s not dissimilar to investing in a good watermaker, or generator, or whatever else you may be already spending thousands of dollars on to equip your boat.

But hardware cost is not everything

There is another benefit of VSAT over other satellite options, the airtime plans are different. With every smaller/slower/cheaper satellite option on the market, the data usage is metered. Meaning you pay monthly for some amount of included data usage, and then pay extra if you use more in a given month.  If you use a tiny amount of data, then okay, but if you use a lot of data, you can end up paying through the nose.  For those systems, the speed is generally limited by the satellite network and/or the hardware you purchased, not by some arbitrary limit associated with your monthly plan.

With VSAT it’s the opposite .  You generally pay for a minimum speed guarantee with a higher maximum possible speed, and those guarantees determine your monthly ongoing costs, and your actual usage is unmetered/unlimited.

So you can stream to your hearts’ content, upload video footage, or Skype with friends and family from the middle of the ocean, and your bill will always be the same every month.  And IF you are a heavy user, you will actually pay LESS for your service than with other satellite systems.  There are performance limits related to hardware, but those limits are pretty high, and generally higher than the airtime plan you may be willing to pay for. For example comparison: With Iridium Certus (a low-earth orbit, L-Band satellite service), you get 700kbps (0.7mbps) download speeds and a 10GB monthly data plan will run about $2600 4 .  But on a VSAT plan you can get approximately the same speeds as Certus, but with completely unlimited usage for $1000/month, or 3mbps (3000kbps) download for ~$2400/month.  Or a minimal speed plan (which is still fast enough to browse the web, upload and download files, etc) for just $500/mo, still providing unlimited usage. Viasat’s own airtime offerings are tailored toward the higher end market.  You will spend ~$25K for a Sailor 600 and then between $1000 and $3000/mo for unlimited data at speeds up to 50mbps 5 .  These new plans are tailored toward leisure yachts with small crews (couples, families, etc), as you might imagine.  Unfortunately, Viasat’s coverage map shows they have limited coverage in the oceans currently, though wide range coverage is coming soon 6 (2024 timeframe it appears 7 ) as they deploy another set of geostationary satellites.  As of 2023, Viasat coverage is good for USA and the Caribbean including the West and East coasts of the USA.

Wrapping things up…

Here’s the net-net:, 1.) if you have a 43ft or larger boat,, 2.) are willing to invest about $25k or so into communications hardware,, 3.) commit to at least $500/month in service fees,, then, you can get nearly global, unlimited, web browsing from your boat., if you need video streaming, multi-user skype video teleconferencing, etc. then be prepared to spend between $1000 and $2500/month ..

Note: If you don’t have the upfront capital to invest, you can also lease hardware as part of your airtime plan as an option.

Done! – Solved! — Broadband internet is available now from a variety of VSAT providers including Intelsat, Viasat, Inmarsat GX, Aura, Maverick, ITCGlobal, and Telenor.   

Wondering if Viasat Maritime service is right for you?

Cheaper or smaller alternatives to vsat, let’s say you don’t have a large enough boat to support a 90-lb 32-inch satellite dome.  or you don’t have the capital to invest (or don’t want to invest that much) into vsat hardware, what other options are there, spacex starlink.

You can go with SpaceX Starlink which uses all new ku-band low-earth orbit technology and offers very high speeds and low-latency with hardware that costs between $600 and $2500.  It’s lightweight, less expensive, and works well for most people.  Airtime plans start at just $150/month, with unlimited use at the lowest network priority, however ocean and in-motion use have additional costs.  See our Starlink plan matrix for more details on how the plans work.

Sea-Tech also offers a number of accessories designed to enhance Starlink service including mounting and networking technology as well as Narwhal Wi-Fi Onboard systems which integrate one or more Starlink units and 5G cellular into a combined seamless onboard Wi-Fi experience.

In comparison to Starlink, Viasat service is unlimited with ocean and in-motion use included for a flat fee.  However the Viasat hardware is larger and more expensive.

Starlink Benefits:

• Much lower cost hardware
• Unlimited plans for coastal use
• Global service
• High speeds
• Low latency
• Easy install

You can go with KVHs TracPhone V30 which uses the same VSAT technology and offers speeds as high as 6mbps download and 2mbps upload in a $12K 15-inch dome.  It’s lightweight, less expensive, and works well for most people.  Airtime plans start at just $99/month, with 200MB (not GB) of data included and then $1/MB for anything over 200MB in a month.  Data overage rates can get as low as $0.50/MB which means 4GB of data will cost about $2000.

KVH Mini-VSAT Benefits:

• Lower VSAT hardware cost entry point
• Lower Monthly Service Entry point

Maritime BGAN (Inmarsat Fleet Broadband/ Fleet One )

Moving out of VSAT altogether we are left with a few more traditional choices.   Inmarsat operates their own fleet of geostationary satellites running on L-Band (~1500Mhz) offering global (except the poles) coverage with speeds up to 432kbps (~0.4mbps).  Equipment costs run $2-15K depending on the data speeds you want (150kbps, 284kbps, or 432kbps).  Airtime can run from as little as $60/month (with 10MB of data) to several thousand dollars per month for 1GB to 40GB of data.   Since Fleet One /FleetBroadband uses geostationary satellites, the equipment still uses gyro stabilized domes, but they are generally smaller than VSAT domes at 11in to 27in diameter.

BGAN Benefits:

• Variety of hardware cost options as low as $2500.
• Worldwide coverage
• Fast enough for email, weather, downloads, uploads

Low-Earth-Orbit (Iridium Certus)

On the complete opposite spectrum from high-altitude geostationary satellites, Iridium operates a constellation of 66 satellites (plus spares) constantly orbiting the entire earth at ~500miles (vs 22,000 miles) altitude.  Like BGAN, Iridium operates on relatively low L-Band frequency.  Because there is at least one Iridium satellite visible to every point on earth at all times, and Iridium satellites can route information through other satellites in the constellation, Iridium offers the only 100% global connectivity service in the world.   With the new satellites launched in 2018, replacing the originals that went online almost 20 years ago, Iridium offers a new higher speed data service called Certus.  Certus equipment costs ~ $4-8K but when compared to Inmarsat and VSAT equipment it is more compact, lighter, uses less power, and has no moving parts.  You can install a Certus terminal on practically any vessel.

Certus Benefits:

• The only 100% global satellite network
• The fastest L-Band satellite Internet service (700kbps currently)
• Cheaper than FleetBroadband (BGAN)
• The lightest/smallest/lowest power consumption web-capable satellite Internet terminal

References:

• https://www.esa.int/Applications/Telecommunications_Integrated_Applications/Satellite_frequency_bands
• https://www.cobham.com/communications-and-connectivity/satcom/satellite-communication-at-sea/ku-band-maritime-vsat/
• https://www.telecompetitor.com/latest-national-broadband-data-from-fcc-finds-median-u-s-internet-speed-of-60-mbps/
• Iridium Certus Airtime
• Viasat Charter Yacht Service Plans
• https://maritime.viasat.com/coverage.html
• https://www.viasat.com/news/going-global

Data Volume Terms: (storage or consumption of data)

• Byte = a unit of data equal to 8 bits (a Byte is the amount of data it takes to store 1 alphanumeric character)
• (KB) KiloByte = 1 thousand Bytes
• (MB) MegaByte = 1 million Bytes
• (GB) GigaBytes (1 billion Bytes)

Data Speed Terms: (the rate of data transfer)

• milliseconds (ms) used in reference to latency, the time it takes for information to be transferred between two points (round trip)
• 1 (bps) bit per second (number of bits transferred in 1 second, 1 bit is 1/8th of a byte)
• An Iridium Go or Iridium handheld phone transferrs at 2.4kbps, ~ 1MB per hour)
• A Pactor 4 HF Radio Modem transfers at !
• 1 (mbps) megabit per second (1 million bits transferred in 1 second, ~ 125 KiloBytes (KB) per second or 450MB per hour)

Note: pay attention to the case of b (bit) and B (Byte).  Though a lot of people mix the cases inaccurately.

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Starlink Maritime: Satellite Internet for Boats

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Table of Contents

Not long ago, Starlink made it possible to get high-speed internet in RVs . Now it’s offering high-speed internet to vessels at sea with its Maritime satellite internet service. Starlink Maritime provides unprecedented internet access at sea and revolutionizes the way vessels communicate and access information.

• High-speed satellite internet
• Low-latency connection
• No annual contracts

Starlink Maritime Satellite Internet Service

Since it uses the same low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation used for its fixed-address satellite service, customers can expect similar reliability and performance on their boat or yacht. Starlink Maritime satellite internet features:

High-speed internet

Starlink Maritime can provide download speeds of up to 220 Mbps. This is much faster than the internet speeds that are typically available to vessels at sea.

Low latency

Since Starlink’s satellites orbit at a lower altitude, it’s capable of a much lower internet latency , clocking in at less than 20 milliseconds. This is important for applications that require real-time communication, such as video conferencing and maritime navigation.

Global coverage

Starlink Maritime can provide internet service to vessels in any location on Earth. This includes rural and remote areas , even in the middle of the ocean.

Easy to use

Starlink Maritime is easy to set up and use. The system includes a user-friendly app that allows users to manage their internet connection.

The service includes a specialized maritime antenna and modem, designed for the harsh marine environment. The antenna is self-orienting, ensuring optimal satellite alignment without manual adjustment. In terms of hardware, Starlink has designed a marine kit, which includes all necessary equipment for installation on most vessels.

Advantages of Starlink Maritime

Starlink as a satellite internet provider is faster and has lower latency, especially compared to other satellite internet providers. Its satellite array is under continual development with future expansion planned. This means that its service could see significant speed and performance gains.

Disadvantages of Starlink Maritime

Starlink Maritime is more expensive than most satellite internet; however, since it is designed for the most remote of areas and harsher conditions, a higher price is expected. Maritime plans start at $250/mo., and the one-time hardware cost is $2,500.

As with all satellite internet services, Starlink Maritime can also be affected by weather conditions . Heavy wind, rain, and snow can cause interference and outages that degrade performance and overall internet speeds .

Other Satellite Internet Providers

Who It’s Designed For

Starlink Maritime satellite internet is designed for any maritime user who requires reliable, high-speed internet access at sea. This includes commercial shipping operators, offshore energy companies, maritime research organizations, and luxury yacht owners. It also provides an invaluable communication lifeline for ships in remote areas, enhancing safety at sea.

Starlink Maritime satellite internet represents a significant step forward in marine internet connectivity. It brings high-speed internet access to the sea, opening up a host of opportunities and benefits for maritime users. While there are disadvantages and limitations, particularly in terms of cost, the advantages could far outweigh these for many users. As the service continues to develop and improve, it has the potential to revolutionize the way we connect at sea.

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Best internet options for boats

Sep 4, 2021 — 4 min read

Thinking of an afternoon on the water in your sailboat, speed boat or pontoon boat probably conjures images of sitting back with your feet up while the wind and water spray across your face. However, despite the fact that you may be 10, 20, 30 or more miles offshore, there may be times when you need internet access from your boat.

There are ways to reach your work or family, or even entertain yourself by streaming a show when you’re on the water, whether that’s through marine satellite internet or boat Wi-Fi. Although boat internet options are more limited than residential options, you still have a few choices.

Internet options for boats

As you investigate your options, there are two main things you need to know — floating vessels can have Wi-Fi and there are three primary ways to connect your boat to the internet:

• Satellite internet system — satellite internet options for a boat require a satellite antenna, a connection device and a data plan
• Cellular hotspot and booster
• Wi-Fi booster

Top 3 satellite internet options for boats

Sailor 900 vsat system.

The Sailor 900 VSAT System is a top-of-the-line marine satellite internet system that can cost from $37,000 to $53,000. It is available from marine stores and websites that specialize in boating and boat satellite systems, such as SatPhoneStore.com , ComSat , High Seas Technology and more.

The Sailor 900 VSAT System is a stabilized satellite antenna system that comes fully configured and ready to go. There is no additional work needed prior to installation. There is a single cable that connects the above deck antenna to your system in the cabin. For a flat fee, it will provide you with broadband internet that can always be on.

Garmin inReach Explorer+

Image credit: Amazon

A more affordable option for boat internet is the Garmin inReach Explorer+ , which is available from Amazon.

The Garmin inReach Explorer+ uses the Iridium satellite network , which gives you connectivity across the globe. However, the use of the Iridium network requires a subscription fee over and above the purchase price of the device. The Garmin inReach Explorer+ allows for two-way text messaging, has an interactive SOS and 24/7 search and rescue monitoring and, with the additional Earthmate app, can connect to compatible Android and iPhone tablets and phones for access to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) charts and more. It contains preloaded DeLorme TOPO (topographic) maps with onscreen GPS routing.

Iridium Go! Satellite Wi-Fi Hotspot

A mid-range option, the Iridium Go! Satellite Wi-Fi Hotspot is a satellite communications device that takes advantage of the Iridium satellite network. It is available from Amazon . In addition to the device, you’ll need a subscription to the Iridium satellite network, or you can choose a pay-as-you-go option.

With the Iridium Go! Satellite Wi-Fi Hotspot, you can wirelessly connect up to five Android or iOS mobile phones and tablets. In addition to sending text messages, with the connection to the Iridium Go! Satellite Wi-Fi Hotspot, you’ll be able to place phone calls from your mobile device. It’s simple to use — once the Iridium Go! Satellite Wi-Fi Hotspot is turned on, it automatically connects to satellite so you can connect your mobile devices. The Iridium Go! Predict Wind app can help you monitor the weather when you’re on the water.

Iridium Satellite Network

Both the Garmin inReach Explorer+ and the Iridium Go! Satellite Wi-Fi Hotspot requires a subscription to the Iridium Satellite Network. The company offers several plans with varying amounts of data. The entry-level Go! 40 plan is $60/mo. and includes 40 minutes of data. Other plans are the Go! 90 plan, which has 90 minutes of data for $100/mo. and the Go! 250 plan, which is $108/mo. for 250 minutes of data. The company’s top-tier plan, the Go! Unlimited provides 150 minutes of calling and unlimited data for $150/mo.

Other internet options

Other boat internet options include mobile hotspots and Wi-Fi extenders. You can get a mobile hotspot from most cellphone providers, like AT&T , T-Mobile and Verizon , along with electronic stores like Best Buy . They can range in monthly price from free to $14.17/mo. or from a purchase price of $50 to $230. However, the problem with mobile hotspots is you need to be near a provider’s cell tower to access a signal. This means you can’t venture more than five to 10 miles offshore.

A Wi-Fi extender increases the range for Wi-Fi networks. If you’re on the water near the public Wi-Fi networks you may find at marinas, restaurants and stores, a Wi-Fi extender could increase your range and keep you connected. However, like a mobile hotspot, you can’t venture too far offshore. The benefit is once you purchase the equipment, you won’t have a monthly fee.

The bottom line

Being out on the open water no longer means you have to disconnect from the rest of the world. There are boat internet options that will fit any boating scenario and any price range.

If you don’t venture too far from shore and don’t use your boat all the time, a mobile hotspot or Wi-Fi extender could be an option. But if you like to cruise on the open water far from shore, you’ll need to go with a satellite internet system. Then, it depends on how much you use your boat whether you’ll want a lower-priced option like the Garmin inReach Explorer+ (from $350-$450), a mid-range option like the Iridium Go! Satellite Wi-Fi Hotspot (from $695-$775) or a top-of-the-line solution like the Sailor 900 VSAT System (from $37,000-$53,000).

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