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Chainplate Fabrication

  • Thread starter joe28532
  • Start date Jul 24, 2020
  • Hunter Owner Forums
  • The Cherubini Hunters

joe28532

CrispyCringle

Nice fab job. You'll save a ton of money.  

Tedd

Nice work! If you have a bench grinder, you might try a Scotchbrite wheel for medium polishing and jeweler's rouge with a cloth polishing wheel for final polishing. I think you can get all of that at Harbor Freight. Tedd  

Hayden Watson

Hayden Watson

When you get all done with fabrication, make sure that you passivate the surface. Any stainless steel that has been in contact with mild steel will begin to get surface rust from the active steel on the surface. I use Wichinox but there are other choices. Here is a good technical article  

dLj

Hayden Watson said: When you get all done with fabrication, make sure that you passivate the surface. Any stainless steel that has been in contact with mild steel will begin to get surface rust from the active steel on the surface. I use Wichinox but there are other choices. Here is a good technical article Click to expand

The only other metal it was in contact with was the carbide bit, however the barkeeper's friend used to polish in the last step contains oxalic acid which helps the stainless to passivate.  

joe28532 said: The only other metal it was in contact with was the carbide bit, however the barkeeper's friend used to polish in the last step contains oxalic acid which helps the stainless to passivate. Click to expand
dLj said: Nope. You clamped it down on your bench with C clamps visible in your original photos. It's actually amazing where contact with iron based materials happens throughout the whole process. dj Click to expand

Attachments

before.jpg

DianaOfBurlington

Wipe the stainless down very very well with solvents and rinse with water, then blot/air dry. Any residue from the metal in the grinding discs will encourage rust later - yes; even with 316 stainless. Factory spec for nearly every production boat I can think of is typically 304 stainless for chainplates, due to cost and ease of working the material. 316 is overkill - EXCEPT if your 304 is coming from Asia, from which really bad 304/18-8 SS is noted, in which case 316 (if material must come from Asia) is the only option. Good US-made 316 can be had from Metals Depot and US Metals; but caveat emptor , so always ask specifically and get certification documents.  

All good advice Diana. The discs used were non metallic. 36 grit zirconia flap discs actually and the source for the metal did in fact supply the mill test report.  

Johnb

@dLj and @Hayden Watson - any comment about what effect carbon steel wrenches my have on the stainless  

@Hayden Watson said it well above. The passive oxide layer is disrupted and you can get a tiny amount of iron transfer between your carbon steel tool and your stainless. Those don't allow the passive oxide layer to form in those areas, and these particles themselves rust easily making for more problems. The paste alluded to above, at least the one I know of, is great stuff! It's a citric acid based paste, very easy to work with and quite effective. All this said, who uses plain carbon steel wrenches anymore? You find it more in clamps, vises and those kinds of tooling in today's world. You still should work clean and passivation cleaning is often overlooked. But if you just tightened up some nuts with modern tools, you probably don't have much to worry about. dj  

@DianaOfBurlington the concerns expressed about Asian supplies no longer really applies in today's manufacturing of stainless steels. Some years ago, they were having problems in producing stainless. But with the new technologies in refining stainless steels those problems are really a thing is the past. It used to be difficult to produce the L type 304 and 316. In fact you had to specify you wanted either 304/326 or 304L/316L. And the L variety would cost more due to the difficulties in producing that version. However that is no longer the case. New technologies have made both quite controllable to produce. If you are getting stainless steel for sure get certifications with the material. But I really wonder how many people actually understand how to read them. Not armed with that knowledge, they are pretty useless. I guess they do make the supplier think a bit more but that's about all I can think of that it does for you if you personally don't know what the values are that the material needs to meet. dj  

dLj said: ... All this said, who uses plain carbon steel wrenches anymore? You find it more in clamps, vises and those kinds of tooling in today's world. You still should work clean and passivation cleaning is often overlooked. But if you just tightened up some nuts with modern tools, you probably don't have much to worry about. dj Click to expand
Hayden Watson said: I find that the #1 culprit is those darn driver bits that are used for everything. They are all carbon steel and most hardware attachments use either phillips, allen, star or torx. I have just tried to get into the habit of a quick passivation after any install. Click to expand
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Cruising World Logo

Chainplates 101: Inspect and Refit

  • By Tom Zydler
  • Updated: November 15, 2013

sailboat chainplate fabrication

Corroded Chainplates

Out of sight and out of mind: For many sailors, that’s an apt description of their chainplates, the stainless-steel fittings protruding through the deck that anchor a mast’s standing rigging wires. In typical installations, the longer portion of a chainplate is hidden below deck in a locker, where it’s difficult to see or inspect. It’s no wonder that many sailors on the cusp of bluewater cruising focus on beefing up or replacing the standing rigging while assuming the chainplates will continue supporting the wires that keep the mast erect.

For safety and peace of mind, however, sailboat chainplates require attention and possibly upgrading. For example, many chainplates are too thin to grip clevis pins correctly. For a ½-inch turnbuckle with a ½-inch toggle, the chainplate should be at least ⅜ inch thick. For a ⅝-inch turnbuckle and toggle, a minimum thickness of ½ inch is necessary.

Another matter worthy of consideration is the stainless-steel alloy the boat’s chainplates are made of. Though 304 stainless is widely used, it’s prone to crevice corrosion when seawater seeps past bedding compounds and becomes stagnant on the metal, thus rendering it a poor choice for chainplates. (This also illustrates the danger of relying on sealants to protect from moisture chainplates that are led through the deck.) When polished to a high gloss, 316L stainless will survive much longer. Grade 2 titanium is ideal, though its high price makes it cost prohibitive for most yacht applications.

sailboat chainplate fabrication

| |In this image, the damaged balsa core, which is typical in older classic-plastic production boats, is visible through the deck slots. Make sure to mark and identify the old chainplates before giving them to the fabricators. They will mark the new ones accordingly.| |

sailboat chainplate fabrication

| |Three degrees of chainplate separation: the old chainplate (center), the new 316L bar stock (right) and the finished, polished, brand-new chainplate (left).| |

sailboat chainplate fabrication

| |The real key to a chainplate replacement job will be how well you effect the repairs to the old balsa core and the deck slots. For my project, I cleared about an inch of balsa core from between the layers of deck laminate and rebuilt the area with thickened epoxy. This not only stiffened the deck, but also created a wall of solid epoxy that would protect the balsa from seawater in the event that the sealant broke down.| |

sailboat chainplate fabrication

| |Once the backstay chainplate was pulled, it was clear how the corrosion started (where the metal was seated against the teak transom), and where water was trapped near the through-transom fasteners. I corrected this by enlarging the slot in the teak and inserting a rubber gasket where the new chainplate meets the transom.|

In any case, preventing seawater from leaking down the chainplates is essential. Boatbuilders routinely squeeze bedding compound between the deck and the chainplates before installing stainless cover plates. These screwed-in deck plates are supposed to compress the sealant around the chainplates. However, they are often too small to be effective, and furthermore, they embrace the chainplates so tightly they actually trap water in the worst possible location.

Thoughtful design and building practices would help prevent future problems. To maximize upwind tacking angles, racing boats often have chainplates installed well inboard, and these must be led through the deck. Since many owners of dual-purpose performance cruisers also use their boats for racing, many production sailboats have a similar arrangement for tight headsail sheeting. But even with a narrow rigging base, it’s possible to improve the chainplate installation. Some builders specify chainplates welded to a base that is then bolted through the deck onto a strong under-deck plate that’s sometimes backed by a tension rod. In such a setup the topside component can be sealed with a neoprene gasket, which is more effective than a bedding compound that can be squeezed out when the bolts are tightened. Also, this arrangement permits easy inspection of the fitting and its fasteners for smudges of rust, the first sign of creeping corrosion.

On cruising boats, it makes more sense to situate the chainplates outboard, on the outside of the hull. This provides a very wide, efficient base with longer spreaders and a wider angle between the shrouds and the mast, all of which reduces the loads on the rigging wire. The venerable Out Island series of boats designed by Charley Morgan has such chainplates, which are easy to inspect and reduce the risk of crevice corrosion. While they can still corrode on the underside where seawater can get trapped, their generous thickness provides a welcome safety factor.

All bolts holding chainplates require frequent inspections. Fashioned from 304 stainless alloy (also known as 18/8), the threads on these fasteners can collect saltwater and they can corrode quite easily. When sailmaker Dave Beatson began to remove some chainplate bolts on his Creekmore 34, half of the bolt heads fell off when he turned the wrench. So when we bought a 20-year-old Mason 44, I decided to pull out the chainplates to see what, if anything, was going on.

Ominously, I discovered that corrosion — some of which looked like the beginning of straight saw cuts — had begun to disintegrate the metal right where the chainplates vanished through the deck. And the backstay chainplate was losing metal below the deck where the bolts went through the transom. To address the situation, Peter Messenger, one of the most experienced riggers I know, advised using 316L stainless alloy for repairs. After cutting the material to size, he advised polishing it to high gloss. I ordered lengths of 316L bar in ½-inch and ⅝-inch thicknesses to match the size of the turnbuckle toggles for the lower and upper shrouds, respectively. (The original chainplates were much thinner and, while probably still strong enough, the clevis pins had a loose, sloppy fit. Also, the new bar stock I’d ordered was very slightly undersize, making it a perfect fit with the toggles.)

When effecting repairs or refits, ideally the deck area around the chainplates should be a solid glass laminate. It wasn’t on my Mason, which again is typical for most older production boats. So I cleared out about an inch of balsa core from between the layers of deck laminate and rebuilt the area with thickened epoxy. This stiffened the deck. Also, if the sealant broke down, the wall of solid epoxy would prevent seawater from soaking into the balsa and creating a permanent sponge bath, ensuring accelerated corrosion. To prevent future leaks, I discarded the slim stainless cover plates affixed to the original chainplates. Out of prefab fiberglass plate I then made larger cover plates with slots ½-inch wider than the chainplates.

This allowed a generous buildup of BoatLIFE polysulfide sealant. Before sealing, I wiped all metal parts with degreaser to remove any contaminants. When choosing a sealant, avoid the tenacious 3M 5200 polyurethane so beloved by certain boatyard workers because it hides bad workmanship. Plus, it takes days to set. Use 5200 only where you want the pieces to bond permanently. Although it slowly cracks when exposed to sunlight, you’d still need a heat gun and an iron will to remove it later.

sailboat chainplate fabrication

| |The new, polished chainplates for the intermediate and upper shrouds are ready to go in.|To prevent future leaks, I discarded the original stainless cover plates for the original chainplates and replaced them with larger cover plates fabricated from prefab fiberglass sheets.|I bedded the new cover plates with a buildup of BoatLIFE polysulfide sealant.|

sailboat chainplate fabrication

| |Belowdecks, the chainplate fasteners pass through a long 1/8-inch backing plate.| |

sailboat chainplate fabrication

| |Outboard chainplates also work well. Note how the popular U-shaped toggle is beginning to corrode while the old forged bronze toggle is clean.|

Because I tackled the project with the keel-stepped mast still in place, I worked in stages. First I removed the chainplates servicing the lower shrouds; then I made a notation with a marker signifying their locations; finally I brought them to the fabricators to duplicate in the new material. In the calm waters of a protected marina, the upper and intermediate shrouds supported the mast adequately while I worked.

After the lower chainplates were reinstalled, I repeated the steps with the intermediates and then the upper shrouds. The backstay chainplate was the last to go back in: Tension on the mainsheet and the topping lift provided the mast with reasonable fore and aft support.

All this work boosted our confidence in the rig considerably. A month later, knowing our spar was suitably reinforced, we sailed north from Florida to Labrador.

sailboat chainplate fabrication

| | Tools for the Job • Wrenches to match and fit the fasteners • Heat gun to soften the old sealant around the chainplates • A narrow metal blade to cut through the sealant adhering to the chainplates • A 90-degree hook (homemade) to scrape balsa core out of the chainplate slots • Epoxy resin and hardener to build up the space left from removing balsa; plus West System 404 High-Density filler additive; a putty knife and gloves • Wide masking tape and duct tape to build up a “dam” that will prevent epoxy from dripping into the boat’s interior • Sandpaper from 40- to 60-grit to smooth out the cured epoxy • Polysulfide sealant and caulking gun • 1-inch-wide masking tape to protect the deck and the upper part of the chainplates from sealant leakage| |Longtime CW contributor Tom Zydler and his wife, Nancy, spent this summer exploring the coast of Labrador and surrounding waters aboard their Mason 44,_ Frances B_.|

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Please support our sponsors and let them know you heard about their products on Cruisers Forums.
03-10-2023, 10:47  
Boat: Westsail 32
is coming up on the 40-year mark. I haven't pulled a chainplate yet to inspect, but I know I need to preventatively replace a few tangs (there are 2 for the bow sprit, and 2 for the boomkin). I also am thinking of just replacing all the chainplates while I'm at it. This is partly to check it off as an item we don't have to worry about while cruising, and partly because I'd like the machining challenge. I stumbled into owning a small milling machine that is CNC enabled, and having some machining experience from my grad days.

These threads were useful:



I'm on and am not really interested in discussing using instead. has a leg up in almost every way, except for its , and, subjectively, its appeal (but I prefer a green patina over rust stains anyway).

My main questions are:
1. Silicon bronze bar stock can be hard to come by, Al bronze is a little more common. Are Al bronze alloys suitable for this applicaiton?
2. Bending is a common question/concern that comes up when fabricating chainplates at home, especially with bronze alloys. The largest angle I need to bend is 25 degrees for one of the chainplates, the other is 15, and 0. I have a large vice, and a map torch, but that's about it. Are these angles safely achievable?
03-10-2023, 10:53  
Boat: Tartan 3800
03-10-2023, 11:07  
Boat: Westsail 32
03-10-2023, 13:01  
Boat: 35 Ft. cutter, custom
03-10-2023, 18:43  
Boat: Mascot 28 pilothouse motorsailer 28ft



Don's


Reverse engineering bronze casting-Youtube
04-10-2023, 13:46  
Boat: Cape George 31
04-10-2023, 14:20  
Boat: Luders 33 - hull 23
04-10-2023, 14:58  
Boat: 35 Ft. cutter, custom
10-10-2023, 14:24  
Boat: Westsail 32
ones are all SS.

If 3/8" chainplates require a hydraulic press to bend, then I'll probably have to outsource that part of the fabrication. I wonder if it could be done with appropriate heat and a long lever though. Maybe I'll poke around.

The quote I got from Atlas Bronze for 3/8" silicon bronze (C65500) plate dimensioned 24" x 16.75" (enough for all the chain plates and at least a few tangs) was $915. If I used all the material to make chainplates, that works out to about $114/ea.

bronze (954) cast bars 3/8" x 2" from Online Metals are $106/ea. But casting is not ideal here since I want to bend them safely.
10-10-2023, 14:32  
Boat: Tartan 3800
10-10-2023, 16:13  


I fabricated 1/4 inch silicon bronze chain plates with the above tool. I also used it for a gammon iron made out of 3/8" silicon bronze bar. Also used it for a 5/8 inch bronze rod to make a mainsheet horse for a gaff main.

Bronze is different than when bending. You work it cold, and it hardens as you work it. Sometimes you have to reheat it and quench it to soften it again.

Not hard to do, but takes some practice, which can be expensive.
11-10-2023, 12:20  
Boat: Mascot 28 pilothouse motorsailer 28ft
11-10-2023, 12:54  
3/8" x 2" from Online Metals are $106/ea. But casting is not ideal here since I want to bend them safely.
11-10-2023, 13:02  
Boat: Wylie 45' Custom
16-10-2023, 07:52  
Boat: Pearson 386
torch in air burns at roughly 3600 F. I expect there is minimum bend radius info available for cold working, and the vendor of the alloy should be able to provide this.
 
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Chainplates

A couple quick notes:

  • Use new 316 grade fasteners. Not the old ones you just took out!
  • Buy new cotter pins.
  • Tape traps salt and limits oxygen which promotes decay.
  • Polish and freshwater extend the life of your investment.
  • Re-bed your chain plates every 4-5 years.
  • No silicone! the vinegar smell indicates a corrosive property stainless doesn’t like.
  • We like Butyl, Uv 4000 and Sikaflex.
  • Stainless hates detergents like dishwashing and laundry soaps as well as bleach!

Mack Yacht Services, Inc. we know chainplates

Not all Chainplate repairs are equal

(001) 401-739-1140 -- (001) 401-739-1149
 

Chainplates are the items by which the hull or deck is attached to the lower end of the Standing Rigging, usually a Turnbuckle. Most are made from Stainless Steel strap or bar and are bolted to the hull, to the cabin sides, or to a bulkhead and pass directly through the deck, usually through a Chainplate Cover bolted to the deck. Some are bent at the top to better align with the rigging loads. are designed to accept two separate shrouds at the same location.

Less common are for use with Upset Toggle Turnbuckles, and which bolt directly to the deck. are bolted to the deck and/or hull at the stem for attachment of the Forestay, and sometimes incorporate an attachment point for a Jib tack shackle. Sometimes what would normally be called Chainplates are used as and the reverse is also true.

Chainplates and Stemhead Fittings are listed below by configuration, and then by the size of the Pin they are attached to the rigging with. If you require Chainplates or Stemhead Fittings not listed here, we stock some others and are able to fabricate a variety of Custom ones, please forward a sketch with complete measurements and details for a quote.









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  • Sails, Rigging & Deck Gear

Chainplates Revisited

Chainplate failures aren't common, but when one occurred on a new boat during its inaugural sail—with our reviewer aboard—we knew it was time to investigate. here's the result of our initial probing..

sailboat chainplate fabrication

Following our review of the new J/133 (PS Oct. 1, ’04), in which we recounted a chainplate failure aboard hull No. 3 on its maiden voyage, a reader’s letter prompted us to review the manner in which manufacturers design and construct the critical connections between mast, shrouds, and a boat’s structure. In the case of the J/133, we concluded that the construction method—a contemporary yet time-tested approach—was properly conceived, but poorly executed.

The folks at J/Boats declined to offer specific comments, but the boat’s builder—Pearson Composites, LLC (formerly TPI)—told us that ours was a fair assessment of the situation. (More on that later.)

Nonetheless, the issue of chainplate construction and rig attachment demands further examination, particularly for the owners of older boats whose vessels may be susceptible to chainplate failure.

Like the human anatomy, which is supported by a series of bones connected at joints (“head bone connected to the neck bone, neck bone connected to the shoulder bone”), a sailboat’s standing rigging reflects many similar connections. At one end of any stayed rig, the head of the mast is supported by stays and shrouds that in most cases disappear belowdecks to connect to a metal, wood, or fiberglass section that itself is attached to a bulkhead, the hull’s topsides or bottom, or an interior grid system.

With any rig, contrary forces are at work. At the masthead, tensioned shrouds pulling chainplates upward from a grid in the bottom of the hull, for instance, are at the same time pushing the butt of the mast, or a compression post, in the opposite direction. Consider that the headstay and backstay are pulling the bow and stern upward, and the conflicting forces on the entire structure are enormous.

“The static pressure on the hull of the Santa Cruz 70 produced by the mast, with the boat sitting static at a dock, is approximately 28,000 pounds,” explained Lance Brown, president of Santa Cruz Yachts. Given that, it’s no surprise that America’s Cup boats, which take advantage of every weight-saving method available, often have major failures.

Creating a proper set of connectors, then, requires that designer, engineer, boatbuilder, and rigging specialist each scientifically calculate the loads that will act on the sails in wind and sea, and the loadbearing capacity of the standing rigging, which will ultimately determine the lamination schedule for chainplates or the appropriate strength characteristics of whatever material is used to fabricate these critical connectors.

Ty Goss, of the custom sales division at Navtec, told us that “Once the loads on rigging and turnbuckles are determined, our prototypes are tested by running fatigue tests.

“We will load a turnbuckle to its breaking strength and stress it 120,000 to 200,000 times (1.4 times its projected life expectancy) in 15-second cycles. If it doesn’t break, we know we have the right product.”

On older boats, chainplates were often fashioned from necessary, but unsightly, metal straps attached to the exterior. Unless an owner diligently polished them, the straps or their fittings typically rusted, which produced blemishes on the topsides. These same rust lines, however, could provide an owner with visible evidence of the potential deterioration of the plates, or their fasteners.

On modern fiberglass boats, chainplates are usually out of sight and out of mind. As builders became more confident of the bonding capacity and strength of fiberglass, they began relocating these straps on the hull’s inner skin, or bedded in bulkheads. However, as with the exterior attachments, the new method was not without its drawbacks, since a leak at deck level could result in delamination of the fiberglass, or a waterfilled core; either condition reducing the structural integrity of the components.

Various methods of attaching plates are used, including the method employed by Pearson Composites, LLC in the construction of the new J/133. In that case, the shrouds are connected to a deck plate, which in turn is connected to a tie rod, which is connected to a horizontal pin beddedin a fiberglass buttress in the hull. At PC, LLC, the buttress is a solid fiberglass block with a hole bored that is within 5/1000th” of the size of the pin. This basic design is not new technology; grand-prix racing boats have been employing similar designs for 20 years.

The failure of the chainplate on the J/133 was the byproduct of a miscommunication within the builder’s facility, according to Stephen A Misencik, director of engineering and design at PC, LLC.

“Miscommunications between engineering and the production floor caused the installation of the deck chainplate assembly to be located 2″ aft of where it was originally designed to be,” Miscencik told us. “This resulted in the tie rod being mis-aligned with both the deck fitting as well as the hull buttress/pinion assembly.”

The result: “When the mast and spreaders were constructed by Hall Spars, the shroud-rod connection did not line up properly, placing excessive loads on the fiberglass buttress.” Under sail in 30- to 35-knot winds and a short, steep chop on Lake Michigan, he added “the flange bond on the starboard side on Hull No. 3 failed. Only one edge of the buttress disbonded from the hull.”

Chainplates Revisited

When J/Boat’s designers and Misencik compared notes the day after the mishap, the error was discovered, and appropriate modifications completed for future boats. Only one of the five boats that were completed at that time suffered the failure, though a factory team was dispatched to rebuild each of them.

Misencik agrees that factory workers could have been alert to a problem when they encountered difficulties installing the misaligned rod during the construction process.

Coincidentally, he also describes a problem on some early models of the J/109 that were attributed to the improper use of a bonding material. In that case, chainplates were bonded to a grid framework in the bottom of the hull with ITW Plexus adhesive.

“That’s the wrong material to use when trying to produce a rigid structure from two pieces of material,” he explained. The result was excessive flex between the chainplate and the structure. The problem was corrected by replacing the bonding agent with an epoxy mix.

Dave Gerr, director of the Westlawn Institute of Marine Technology and a noted yacht designer, told us that the first calculation to be considered in chainplate design is the boat’s righting moment.

“Then, the design objective is to take the calculated loads from the shrouds and transmit them to the chainplates, without allowing the deckplate to leak,” he said.

“It is important to work out and detail the fastening of the chainplate to the hull because the loads on chainplates are immense,” he added.

Designers typically specify standing rigging and attachments, including bolts, that are 1.3 to 1.4 times stronger than the calculated load. This fudge factor is intended to offset the fact that, regardless of the material used, it will degrade over time with aging and a lack of maintenance.

“Special considerations, though, relate to the intended use of the boat,” said Santa Cruz Yachts’ Lance Brown. That company’s slogan, “Fast is Fun,” was coined by founder Bill Lee, who built a reputation for designing and constructing rocketships. His legendary Merlin was a record setting 68 footer that introduced “downwind sleds” to the sailing vernacular, and remains the precursor of a breed of boats that have evolved to become the sailing equivalent of a Ferrari.

“We built the Santa Cruz 50 and Santa Cruz 70s as race boats, so the interiors were of little consideration, allowing us to place chainplates wherever was necessary to align with the shrouds,” said Brown. Chainplates on the 50-footer were installed using a method mirroring that of the J/133. Shrouds on cruising boats, however, may be located outboard at the rail, for instance, at the expense of tighter sheeting angles and greater pointing ability. And when located outboard, they may be buried behind cabinetry as an aesthetic consideration.

“The Santa Cruz 52 (see PS review July 1, ’95), a performance cruiser, is fitted with conventional living and sleeping quarters, so we had to take into consideration the location of seat backs and shelving. We are taking the same approach with the Santa Cruz 53C, which will be introduced in April, 2005.”

One conventional method of locating chainplates out of the way is to employ flat metal sections attached to bulkheads with fasteners.

“The fastenings,” explained Gerr, “have to be adequately strong, as must the structure they fasten to, in order to distribute the load into the hull. The key to sizing the bolts is to make sure the load from the shroud does not exceed the local crushing strength of the plywood or the laminate that is added to the ply bulkhead to take the chainplate loads.

“Elongated chainplate bolt holes in bulkheads are common trouble spots. Without an adequate load bearing area, a bulkhead will eventually crush above the bolt, resulting in the chainplate pulling upward, elongating the bolt holes, and causing the chainplate to leak.” In a worst case scenario, the chainplate may pull through the deck.”

To avoid overpopulating a bulkhead with bolts, or using larger bolts, Gerr’s alternative is the installation of an annulus. “They are made of fairly high compressive strength material,” he said, “and increase the bearing area in the ply by making the annulus two times the bolt diameter.” The bolt is then installed through the center of the annulus. On older boats that evidence the potential for this type of failure, an annulus will extend the useful life of the bulkhead with a relatively easy and straightforward fix.

Brown describes the forces on chainplates, hull, and mast butt as “contrary forces in a big circle.” To disperse the loads in the new boat from Santa Cruz Yachts, the chainplate will be solid bar stock through-bolted with 12, 1/2″ bolts to a longitudinal stringer that in turn is bonded to the hull and adjoining bulkhead in multiple layers of 0 to 45-degree and 0 to 90-degree fiberglass laid in varied orientations from deck level to the keel. The bulkhead is located on the same reinforced section of the hull as the mast butt, and bonded to the hull and deck.

“That structure is so strong that we could cut the center out of the bulkhead without compromising its integrity,” Brown reported.

Chainplates Revisited

His comment brings to mind a common alternative to the chainplate bulkhead arrangement, which is the construction of a knee (envision an upside-down capital “L”), usually constructed of wood or fiberglass bonded to the hull and under the deck, to which the chainplate is attached. Oriented athwartships, the shape is typically long and narrow so as to accommodate furniture. In this arrangement, the chainlate resembles an inverted “T” shape and is typically cut from a single piece of stainless steel or bronze.

Though the knee is tabbed to the hull and deck, Gerr explained, “The knee’s tabbing is secondary bonding, which is structurally rather weak and can suffer from failure due to poor-quality installation, improper resin mixture,” or other factors. For that reason, manufacturers should build in “a large margin of safety,” he said, to ensure a tight structure that will endure hull and deck flex, as well as the worst of the elements.

The contemporary method of attaching chainplates involves the replacement of metal straps with tierods that are secured in the hull structure. In this instance, shrouds and rods meet at the center of two plates located on the top and underside of the deck. To produce proper angles at the intersection of the shroud and chainplate, and prevent leaks caused by the deck flexing, builders are employing self-aligning rod caps that reduce the possibility of a failure.

At the other end, in many cases the tie rod is attached to the hull or grid in a metal plate into which it is threaded; bonding to a fiberglass structure is an option. Thus, in many new boats, these shiny rods are exposed in the main saloon, but go unnoticed, allowing designers to meet an aesthetic challenge.

The Bottom Line Modern engineering techniques and construction methods employed by major manufacturers, as well as marketing and legal concerns, are resulting in the production of better boats than at any time in the history of fiberglass, witness the number of American boats that meet ABYC and CE standards. In this environment, the odds of a structural failure are remote and, most likely, occasioned by a failure during the production cycle, or an inferior component.

The rigging on these boats, however, is not to be neglected. As Brown explained of Roy Disney’s Santa Cruz 70 Pyewacket and her sisters, “those boats were well maintained and continually inspected. Losing a race as a result of mechanical failure was unusual.”

Regardless of the age of a boat, annual inspection of standing rigging remains a must. In addition to inspecting wire for breaks, an owner should carefully examine the chainplate system from the point where it reaches the deck to its termination. Loose deck plates may result in water invading the hull or deck. Rust on the chainplate or bolts may indicate deck leaks, loose bolts or nuts producing a water leak or, in the worst case, the total destruction of the plate itself. Inspecting bolts and plates on a bulkhead is a simple matter; and removing cushions and furniture to allow inspection of the entire plate system is time well spent.

A lesser effort might just invite major failure.

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Chainplate fabrication

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Hi everyone. I have my 1986 psc 37 in Bahia del Sol, El Salvador at the moment. Ive decided that my chainplates are getting sketchy and am wanting to replace them. Who has done this and how do you get the teak out of the way of the chainplate bolts? Where did you get the chainplates fabricated, from what material and how much should that cost? What should one look out for when taking on this project? Im considering having them fabricated locally in Central America since the importation of event the simplest item is a bureaucratic pain in the butt. Thanks for any experience that you can throw my way. grant s/v Viandante  

I wouldnt mess around with metal of uncertain origin (third world) for my chainplates,they are just TOO important.For NiftyNickers I obtained the forestay and the backstay chainplates from the Pacific Seacraft and I fabricated the six side stays from 316 s/s from McMaster-Carr.I also replaced all bolts with 316 bolts.In order to access the nuts in the interior you must do some damage to the teak slats or battens,just grit your teeth and go for it.Some can be accessed thru the slider in the head and thru the hanging locker. The side plates can be loosened and slid out from the rubrail-I used a strong steel flat blade (putty knife) to break the sealant free. Good luck, Dianne and ChuckBurke S/VNiftyNickers C37 #139  

We took our shroud chainplates out one at a time so the machine shop could match the hole placements and the angles of the bends. In Mazatlan there is a shop with a water jet cutter that did a great job of cutting and bending for about $100 each. Someone else will need to advise you on what services are available where you are. After you get the bolts out you can just pull on the shoud and it will extract the chainplate from the teak rubbing strake. We used a Fein tool to clean out the old sealant on the rubbing strake and to cut the teak slats on the interior for removal. If you cut right on the screw holes you can reinstall the slats without too much noticablle damage. The overhead panels need to come off so you can reach the nuts on the bolts. A big pry bar is needed to push the bolts out from the inside. You'll need several tubes of caulking. We used Life-Caulk by Boatlife. When re-installing turn the nuts rather than the bolts so the caulk in the holes stays put. The old chainplates are 1/4" stainless but 5/16" will fit in the slots in the teak rubbing strake which gives you a stronger replacement than the original. You need to decide what bolts to use before having the holes put in the new plates. The originals had the square base of a carriage bolt in the round hole of a chainplate so the hole is oversize for a 1/2" bolt. We opted for 1/2" holes and 1/2" bolts so there is a good bearing surface. I agree with Niftynickers that 316 is the preferred material for the plates and bolts. We had rust streaks after after a while because the top holes were not polished. Make sure the shop polishes all edges and the outside faces of the plates and the insides of at least the top holes. Good luck. John s/v Pelagic lying Lake Union Seattle, WA  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

granche1 said: Hi everyone. I have my 1986 psc 37 in Bahia del Sol, El Salvador at the moment. Ive decided that my chain plates are getting sketchy and am wanting to replace them. Who has done this and how do you get the teak out of the way of the chain plate bolts? Click to expand...

We do a lot of replacement chainplates in titanium, and frankly I am with Nifty, I wouldn't replace them in a third world shop unless I knew for sure the quality of the material, and the workers. If someone accidentally swaps in 300 for 316, which is almost impossible to test for unless you have a moly test kit, you could be screwed. The way we work is to have customers send us a tracing of their chainplates with dimensions marked, then we digitize that into a CAD program. From there it's off to the water jet cutters.  

For someting as simple as the chainplates you should be able to judge the shop and the workers for yourself. If you are worried about the steel, you might want to see the plate before the steel is cut and polished. The plate that the chainplates are fabricated from should be marked with the alloy, the manufacturer, and the heat number. The shop should have a "mill sheet" (analysis) for the heat (batch of metal). If the shop does not have it, the manufacturer should be able to fax it to you. The mill itself should be ISO 9000 certified which means that a competent third party (usually British Standards Institute) has examined their quality control systems and they can be trusted. Bill Murdoch  

wsmurdoch said: For so meting as simple as the chainplates you should be able to judge the shop and the workers for yourself. Click to expand...

Bill, After stainless chainplates are fabricated they really need to be electropolished to maximize corrosion resistance. You could certainly skip it, but then you start trading corrosion resistance for price pretty quickly.  

Original stainless manufacturer in CA did mine while PC was "insolvent". He was great. Charged about $800 bucks for the whole lot. An Annapolis crew wanted $3,000. Unsure if he'd work with you directly but perhaps an email to Thumper at the factory would help. I may be able to dig up his name...its been a few years. Let me know.  

Here is a story of a titanium chainplate failure. A bit about the dismasting... - Odda Sea - Life Aboard An Allied Princess Sailing Yacht Bill Murdoch 1988 PSC 34 Irish Eyes  

please post pix. it couod be that you ar eok. my 1976 just got new chainplates due to having sat on santa barbara break wall for a week about 10 yrs ago. only 2 were replaced at this time, 2 were replaced just after the event. if you are planning on crossing pacific i would say change em out, mebbe. i would have a rigger look at them. i would also hesitate to replace until i was in a locale wherein this work is done on a regular basis. mazatlan comes to mind, or th rigger in la cruz de huanacaxtle, in nayarit. or la paz, or san carlos /guaymas..... or do it in panama or costa rica. you have choices, as they didnt fail while in transit. mine were crafted of 304 ss in san diego at a machine shop across street from downwind marine. i replaced em at the cop dock with friends.  

Here is a hint to replace chainplates without removing the rubrail: Once the bolts are removed you can attach a halyard to the chainplate in order to apply upward pressure on the plate so it can be removed easily. I did it and it worked well for me. Good luck!  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

I understand that you can get stainless steel from anywhere and have it fabricated to your specifications. I would suggest that anyone who wants it done right contact Thumper at PSC in NC. I ordered a new set for my 34. I received them quickly and they were perfect. I would expect that you might save a few bucks going to some machine shop, but I would suggest that you spend the extra few bucks for each plate and have the experts do the job. Not only will you be keeping the PSC name alive but you will be very satisfied with the end result.  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

Hush34 said: I would suggest that anyone who wants it done right contact Thumper at PSC in NC. Click to expand...

Yes the holes for the chainplates are square for the carriage bolts. HOWEVER, unlike the older chainplates that were the squares were punched the ones now are water jet cut. This prevents the problem of having stress failures in the corners. If you are going to use the carriage bolts to reassemble the plates, you wold need square holes or risk the chance of scratching the plates as you try to hold the bolt head steady.  

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sailboat chainplate fabrication

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Advice for Custom Fabrication in CA

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I'm looking for a fabrication shop that specializes in custom rock crawler fabrication in Northern CA. Full tube chasis. It would be best if the shop knew how to use Solidworks. I have a rough design in solidworks that I need a good shop to help me turn into reality. San Jose, San Francisco or Sacramento area is best. Anyone know of a shop I should look into?  

still tuesday on the west coast :smokin: try using the search function, it helps you search for answers to your question thats been asked 20 times already.  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

Engineer? Lots of really gifted fab people up here, but I think they are more old-school. Fc fabrication (fc187 here) Fishmouth fabworks, full penetration fabrication are at the top of my list up north.  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

Shaffer in Oakland can help too.  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

Give us a call we are in San Leandro. 510-352-8781 We can definitely work with your solid works files.  

We are backed up threw january, but If you would like to chat about your project I'd be happy to discuss it with you.Solidworks 2011 here, but in my opinion, its fine for machined parts and sheet metal parts. chassis drawings work better on paper and in real life. I second Shaffers Offroad,Silly Fab service, or FC Fabrication for Northern California Chassis builders  

I would say your best options are going to be Any 7 offroad, FC fabrication or Sillyfab. They are all very well respected and do great work. dima  

Agree with all listed above. One to add would be No Limit Fabrication. Phil Blurton is a wiz with the cad, and puts together some cool stuff.  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

We have build more than 30 buggy's over the years and we have built a lot of winning comp buggy's and rebuilt a comp buggy into a winning KOH car for 2009 king Jason Scherer. We have a 3 to 4 month back log but give us a call and we will see if we can help you build what you need. Also Fishmouth Fab or Silly Fab service for Northern California Chassis builders Here are some cars we have built Thanks! Mike  

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Not sure what extent the solid works plays in your project. Do you want somebody who can design in solid works or just build to your drawings ? Blueprints aside, I would focus more on the shop and it's owner. How well you get along with that person and can communicate what you hope to achieve in the build. Shops that I would recommend in the sac are. 1. Silly fab 2. Fishmouth fab 3. Roggy enterprise My rig has recently been at all 3 of them and I will continue to use all 3 for various builds. I think you are going to find that despite the economy that the best fab shops are well booked right now. There is a good reason for this. :smokin:  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

Binks Fab in Modesto  

infamous metal works in san jose or xxx traction in seaside  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

Chassis Unlimited is over in Livermore http://www.chassisunlimited.com/  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

http://coastalfabco.com/ ask for Tom  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

I have been out of the mix for a couple years since selling the shop. With many people crying about the economy it is awesome to see shops posting up how they are slammed at the moment. There are some really good fabricators mentioned in this thread so far. Sounds like you have a few good ones to pick from.  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

www.pacificfab.net  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

I could take on a project or two. Not in Sac or the Bay area but a few hours south, in San Luis Obispo. I have designed and built a few buggies from Solidworks and hundreds of parts and products all of us here buy and have copied. I think most on the board can validate the quality of my design and fab work. I sent you a PM, let me know if you have any questions. Drew  

That is the guy that I would have do work for me.  

You can't go wrong with XXX Traction. Toby has built some amazing rigs. He uses solid works, and is in Sea Side about 90 minutes south of San Fran.  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

this  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

WFO Concepts in Auburn, CA. Trevor and Bo are awesome!  

sailboat chainplate fabrication

Fabrication Unlimited Lemoore ca word of mouth only. they dont advertise. dont need to the bay next to my buggy just opened up. 3 bays always going. on the left side is a ground up class 8 truck. a ground up class 7 just left. only 45$/hr and way honest. these guys are incredible.  

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IMAGES

  1. Sailboat Chainplate fabrication START to FINISH. Our LAST major BOAT

    sailboat chainplate fabrication

  2. Spirit of Tradition Chainplate

    sailboat chainplate fabrication

  3. Sail Life

    sailboat chainplate fabrication

  4. Marine Engineering 103: The Hidden Life of Chainplates.

    sailboat chainplate fabrication

  5. Chainplate Lug

    sailboat chainplate fabrication

  6. Making a CHAINPLATE for our NEW FORESTAY

    sailboat chainplate fabrication

COMMENTS

  1. Chainplate Fabrication: Part 1

    Chainplate Fabrication: Part 1. Herb Benavent. June 7, 2016. Chainplates carry out the stressful function of connecting the stays to the hull. All of the force placed on the stays is transferred to the hull via these metal plates. Chainplates come in a variety of materials, but the most common materials are stainless steel and bronze.

  2. Chainplate Fabrication

    Jul 24, 2020. #1. After paying almost $400 to have 2 chainplates made I decided I was doing the other 4 myself. I ordered 6 feet of 316L from www.onlinemetals.com for $76.98. That price included the shipping. Careful measurements of the old chainplates were taken. The metal was cut to size and the tops were rounded with a flap disc on a grinder.

  3. Chainplates 101: Inspect and Refit

    For a ½-inch turnbuckle with a ½-inch toggle, the chainplate should be at least ⅜ inch thick. For a ⅝-inch turnbuckle and toggle, a minimum thickness of. ½ inch is necessary. Another matter worthy of consideration is the stainless-steel alloy the boat's chainplates are made of. Though 304 stainless is widely used, it's prone to ...

  4. Fabricating bronze chainplates and tangs

    Location: Monterey, California. Boat: Westsail 32. Posts: 842. Re: Fabricating bronze chainplates and tangs. Casting is an option, and PTF can provide castings -- they quoted me at around $1500 for the 6 chainplates, including the drilling. So about $250/ea.

  5. Chainplates

    Chainplates. At Mack Yacht Services, we know chainplates! In our experience, they are the most overlooked piece of equipment on boats today. Chain plates are the base of your rigging system and need attention just like everything else on your boat. Barring hurricanes, chainplate failure is the number one reason spars are replaced in our area.

  6. Chainplates & Stemhead Fittings

    Spars, Rigging, and Hardware for Sailboats. Rig-Rite, Inc. Phone: (001) 401-739-1140 -- FAX: (001) 401-739-1149 www.RigRite.com Ordering/Questionsp: Chainplates & Stemhead Fittings: ... usually through a Chainplate Cover bolted to the deck. Some are bent at the top to better align with the rigging loads.

  7. Sailboat Chainplate fabrication START to FINISH. Our LAST major BOAT

    Log 14 | With a stress crack in our original forestay chainplate, we were determined to have a new one fabricated to replace it. And of course, the new one n...

  8. Know-how: Chainplate Replacement

    Know-how: Chainplate Replacement. One of the new titanium chainplates in place—all that remains is the cleanup (left); It was a shame to have to cut into the Tayana's woodwork, but it had to be done (right). Everyone dreads the day that something as major and costly as a boat's rigging must be replaced. For my 1984 Tayana 42, Eclipse ...

  9. Chainplate Fabrication: Part 3

    To properly radius the holes of the chainplate, I use a carbide bur in a high speed hand piece followed up with an abrasive cone in a low speed hand piece. ... Older Post Chainplate Fabrication: ... Outfitting a sailboat to go cruising opens up a world of opportunities to waste your money. Herby and Maddie discuss their top 10 wasted purchases ...

  10. Chainplate Fabrication: Part 2

    Chainplate Fabrication: Part 2. Herb Benavent. June 8, 2016. The chainplates are mostly polished after running them on the lathe. The grain in the metal is still apparent but the surface is very smooth. Further polish can be achieved if the client desires a mirrored finish. The corners have been radiused to reduce the risk of injury if you bump ...

  11. Chainplate fabrication

    1128 posts · Joined 2013. #16 · Jun 19, 2020. If your chainplates are typical SS straps, you can buy the proper width and thickness in bar stock. That way they only have to be cut to length as the bar is already the proper width. When had my chainplates fabricated I bought the needed length of 1 1/2" x 1/4" bar stock.

  12. Chainplates Revisited

    Following our review of the new J/133 (PS Oct. 1, '04), in which we recounted a chainplate failure aboard hull No. 3 on its maiden voyage, a reader's letter prompted us to review the manner in which manufacturers design and construct the critical connections between mast, shrouds, and a boat's structure. In the case of the J/133, we ...

  13. Chainplate fabrication

    The plate that the chainplates are fabricated from should be marked with the alloy, the manufacturer, and the heat number. The shop should have a "mill sheet" (analysis) for the heat (batch of metal). If the shop does not have it, the manufacturer should be able to fax it to you.

  14. Chainplate fabrication

    In full disclosure This is a fiberglass boat, sorry if that offends anyone but I have come to trust the opinions of the members of this forum and thought chainplate fabrication is on topic. I am going to have a friend with access to water jetting, laser cutting and all the modern equipment found in a precision machine shop do the machining (if ...

  15. TM Industries

    Whatever the machining need, we are at your service. Our custom manufacturing capabilities range from metal and plastics fabrication, milling, and turning, to MIG/TIG/Stick welding. We specialize in large piece production and quick turn prototypes. We are a service-oriented machine shop, and we go the extra mile for our customers.

  16. SilexMfg

    Large-scale jobs, or a quick turn-around of a small run, we are here to help you achieve your ultimate goal of perfection. Our machine shop is among the best metal fabrication companies in Santa Clara, CA serving customers within Bay Area and beyond. Want a quote? Contact us, by email or phone 408-859-3311. Machine shop offering CAD/CAM ...

  17. Advice for Custom Fabrication in CA

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  18. L.P. Glassblowing, Inc.

    Phone: 408-988-7561 Fax: 408-988-8981 Email: [email protected] 2322 Calle Del Mundo Santa Clara, California 95054